Satellite tracking of 27 whale sharks in the eastern tropical Pacific, examined in relation to environmental data, indicates preferential occupancy of thermo-biological frontal systems. In these systems, thermal gradients are caused by wind-forced circulation and mixing, and biological gradients are caused by associated nutrient enrichment and enhanced primary productivity. Two of the frontal s...

nbo analysis and density functional theory (dft: b3lyp/6-311+g**) based method were used to study the impacts of the anomeric effects (ae) on the conformational properties of 2-methoxy-1,2,4,5-tetrahydro-benzo[d]oxepine (1), -thiepine (2) and -selenepine (3). the gibbs free energy difference (geq–gax) values (i.e. δgeq-ax) at 298.15 k and 1 atm between the axial and equatorial conformations inc...

A super–rotating atmosphere with equatorial winds of ∼ 35m s is simulated using a simplified Venus General Circulation Model (GCM). The equatorial super-rotation in the model atmosphere is maintained by barotropic instabilities in the the mid–latitude jets which transport angular momentum towards the equator. The mid–latitude jets are maintained by the mean meridional circulation and the moment...

Equatorial planetary waves are a fundamental component of the tropical climate system. Previous studies have examined their structure in the climatological-mean circulation, their role in the climatological-mean momentum balance of the tropics, and their contribution to the climatological-mean upwelling across the tropical tropopause. In this study, the authors focus on the contribution of the ...

The ®rst-ever high resolution 2-D maps of OI 630.0 nm dayglow obtained from equatorial latitudes clearly reveal the movement as a large-scale feature of the equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA). These also show the presence of wave-like features classi®ed as gravity waves presumably originating at the crest of the EIA, similar to the equatorial electrojet acting as a source of these waves. These...

This study aims to demonstrate the feasibility for classifying kiwifruit into shape grades by adding a single camera to current Chinese sorting lines equipped with weight sensors. Image processing methods are employed to calculate fruit length, maximum diameter of the equatorial section, and projected area. A stepwise multiple linear regression method is applied to select significant variables ...

Equatorial organization of myosin II and actin has been recognized as a universal event in cytokinesis of animal cells. Current models for the formation of equatorial cortex favor either directional cortical transport toward the equator or localized de novo assembly. However, this process has never been analyzed directly in dividing mammalian cells at a high resolution. Here we applied total in...

This study examines the impacts of convective parameterization and moisture convective trigger on convectively coupled equatorial waves simulated by the Seoul National University (SNU) atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM). Three different convection schemes are used, including the simplified Arakawa–Schubert (SAS) scheme, the Kuo (1974) scheme, and the moist convective adjustment (MCA) ...

Hurricane and tropical storm statistics verify the modulation of eastern Pacific tropical systems by the Madden– Julian oscillation (MJO) as hypothesized by Maloney and Hartmann. Over twice as many named tropical systems (hurricanes and tropical storms) accompany equatorial 850-mb westerly anomalies than accompany equatorial easterly anomalies, and the systems that do exist are stronger. Hurric...