UNLABELLED Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin (ε-toxin) is responsible for a devastating multifocal central nervous system (CNS) white matter disease in ruminant animals. The mechanism by which ε-toxin causes white matter damage is poorly understood. In this study, we sought to determine the molecular and cellular mechanisms by which ε-toxin causes pathological changes to white matter. In pr...

abrin known as ribosome inactivating protein’s (rip) it is a high cytotoxic plant protein. high lethality and low cost and easy access to plant and seeds lead to this toxin used in crimes and terrorist acts. because obtaining purified toxins requires advanced laboratory equipment and complex procedures, so, it appears that the perpetrators of such crimes use crude extracts. as a result, remaini...

We have mapped the DNase I-hypersensitive sites around the epsilon-globin and c-myc genes in two human leukemia cell lines K562 and HL60. In K562 cells in which the epsilon-globin gene is transcribed, six DNase I-hypersensitive sites are found in 6 kilobases (kb) of upstream flanking DNA; in HL60 cells in which the c-myc gene is expressed, two DNase I-hypersensitive sites are observed in 2 kb o...

Antibody responses in sixty clinically healthy pregnant sheep and goats were compared following the administration of enterotoxaemia vaccine. The thirty animals of each species were randomly divided into three groups. Antibody titers against C. perfringens type D epsilon toxin were detected in blood samples on day 15, 30, 45, 60 and 75 post vaccination. In unvaccinated control groups, S-I (shee...

clostridium septicum a gram positive anaerobic bacterium produces several toxins including alpha, beta, gamma and delta. c. septicum alpha toxin is lethal and is responsible for a serious disease known as gas gangrene. the aim of the present study was to molecular cloning and sequencing of c. septicum vaccine strain alpha toxin gene. genomic dna was extracted using standard phenol and chlorofor...

When introduced as part of DNA constructions containing the human beta-globin locus control region (LCR), the human embryonic beta-globin gene, epsilon, is expressed in primitive but not definitive erythroid cells of recipient transgenic mice. In contrast to this pattern, the human fetal beta-globin gene, gamma, has been shown to be expressed in both primitive and definitive erythroid cells of ...

To study the expression of globin genes in human cells, human epsilon-globin genes were transferred into a K562 cell line, Bos, which synthesizes very low amounts of epsilon-globin mRNA. A plasmid (pSV2neo-epsilon) containing a complete epsilon-globin gene and 2 kilobases (kb) of 5' flanking DNA as well as a neomycin-resistance gene and a simian virus 40 origin of replication was transfected in...

in this paper, we introduce the notion of ($epsilon $, $epsilon $ $vee$ q_{k})− fuzzy subnear-ring which is a generalization of ($epsilon $, $epsilon $ $vee$ q)−fuzzy subnear-ring. we have given examples which are ($epsilon $, $epsilon $ $vee$ q_{k})−fuzzy ideals but they are not ($epsilon $, $epsilon $ $vee$ q)−fuzzy ideals. we have also introduced the notions of ($epsilon $, $epsilon $ $vee$ ...