Isotopic exchange of (35)S between penicillins and 6-amino-penicillanic acid (6-APA) was observed in cell-free extracts of Penicillium chrysogenum. Sulfhydryl-containing compounds were required for activity. Dithiothreitol, dithioerythritol, mercaptoethanol, and glutathione served as activators. The acyltransferase was purified threefold by adsorption on calcium phosphate gel at pH 6 and elutio...

Enzymes are regulated by their activation and inhibition. Enzyme activators can often be effective tools for scientific and medical purposes, although they are more difficult to obtain than inhibitors. Here, using the paired peptide method, we report on protease-cathepsin-E-activating peptides that are obtained at neutral pH. These selected peptides also underwent molecular evolution, after whi...

Plasminogen activators are enzymes found in all vertebrate species investigated so far. Their physiological function is the generation of localized proteolysis in the context of tissue remodeling, wound healing and neuronal plasticity. The common vampire bat (Desmodus rotundus) is a New World species that feeds exclusively on blood. Its saliva contains highly potent plasminogen activators, spec...

Currently, there is an urgent need for domestic fermentation activators based on low-cost secondary raw materials. We aimed to study the effect of microbial enzyme preparations with different action hydrolysis proteins and phytin grain bran obtain that could become alternative imported ones.
 studied wheat rye brans; cytolytic, proteolytic, phytase action; multi-enzyme compositions; hydrol...

There are two groups in the inhibitors of fibrinolytic enzyme system : antiplasmins, the direct inhibitors of the enzyme ; and the inhibitors of activators, such as the antistreptokinase, the antiurokinase and the inhibitors of tissue kinases. Moreover, several synthetic compounds such as EACA and AMCHA are also capable of inhibiting fibrinolysis.1) Since the nature of the inhibitors and the me...

the objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of various combination activators of bovine oocyte following intracytoplasmic sperm injection (icsi) in terms of cleavage and embryo development. bovine icsi oocytes were treated with a variation of treatments of combined or single activators as follows; 30 v for 15 x 2 μsec of electrical pulse +10 μg/ml cycloheximide (chx),7% ethanol...

BACKGROUND Dimethyl fumarate (DMF), a nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activator, has been proven effective for the systemic treatment of multiple sclerosis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of Nrf2 activators on human renal mesangial cells (HRMCs) and the development of lupus nephritis (LN) in mice. METHODS To assess Nrf2 activation in vitr...

Crude wild pear lipoxygenase (LOX) from ripe Kurdistan wild pears was used in this study. Extracted crude LOX was assayed spectrophotometrically for raw, ripe wild pear lipoxygenase and after 7-day storage. The effects of different buffers and pHs, substrate preparations, temperature, inhibitors and metal ions on LOX activity were evaluated at three conditions. The enzyme was most active with H...

Two lines of evidence suggest that the high molecular weight activator of prekallikrein (large activator) (BAGDASARIAN, A., TALAMO, R. C., AND COLMAN, R. W. (1973) J. Biol. Chem. 248, 3456-3463) is derived from coagulation factor XII (Hageman factor). Large activator could not be isolated from plasma congenitally deficient in factor XII, and partial immunologic identity was demonstrated between...