A green, high rate, yielding, and selective Appel reaction that make use of 1,3-dihalo-5,5-dimethylhydantoins N -halo-succinimides as halogenation reagents. The new method was developed for batch continuous flow reactors.

In this work, an integrated conversion system of coal to ammonia (NH3) is developed with the objectives total energy efficiency maximization and process simplification. The integrates drying, chemical looping hydrogen production, cryogenic nitrogen separation, NH3 synthesis, power generation. Due integration, exergy destruction from each individual process, as well whole system, can be reduced ...