— Few examples exist in the common property literature of community-managed forestry enterprises (CFEs) operating in competitive markets. Yet, in Mexico, there are hundreds of such examples at varying levels of vertical integration. At a time when devolution of rights to forests is expanding worldwide, collective management of timber operations presents an emerging community forestry policy opt...

During recent decades, the impact of industrial organisations on the environment has become clearly evident. It has also become more difficult to hide and more expensive. Globally, this has caused many enterprises to put all their efforts into seeking management instruments that allow them to reduce their negative impact on the environment as well as improving their economic efficiency. This en...

This paper presents an integrated knowledge-based approach to multi-scale modeling of aquatic systems, with a view to enhancing predictive power and aiding environmental management and policy-making. The basic phases of this approach have been exemplified in the case of a bay in Saronicos Gulf (Attiki, Greece). The results showed a significant problem with rising phytoplankton blooms linked to ...

The distribution of economic benefits from wetlands is fundamentally determined by ownership and control of resources, and hence the property rights and institutional setting of analysis is critical in determining the ecological sustainability of management practices. In the last decade it has been recognised that wetlands, in common with many coastal resources can, given certain circumstances,...

While there is little empirical evidence to demonstrate which types of environmental management systems (EMSs) are associated with greater environmental improvements, governments worldwide are encouraging facilities to adopt them. Th is research compares the environmental performance of facilities that adopt ISO 14001–certifi ed EMSs, complete (noncertifi ed) EMSs, and incomplete EMSs across mu...

The paper discusses the policy approach for facilitating sustainable development of the tourism and recreation sector inside the Netherlands. Taking a national perspective, it reflects on the sustainability challenges facing the sector, and how the currently used governance and policy styles address them. It observes that a mismatch exists between the preferred governance policy-making style of...

T he aim of this chapter is to address the policy, regulatory, and ethical issues surrounding agricultural biotechnology. The chapter provides background on the shaping of policy and on regulatory frameworks within the European Union and the United States, among others, as well as outlining the global framework in which all countries have to operate. In addition it summarizes the United Nations...

Plant Genetic Resources (PGRs) are one of the most valuable natural resources of anycountry. Biotechnology through genetic engineering of plants and the creation of new plantvarieties can increase the value of these resources. Different technical and legalmechanisms such as ex situ/in situ collection of PGRs, and Intellectual Property Rights(IPRs...