The Karazhanbas Field (KBM) is a giant shallow heavy oil field in western Kazakhstan, less than 460 m depth. It contains heavy oil (μ ~400 cP) in seven reservoir zones from several to 40 m thick in unconsolidated sands with porosities 28-32%, permeabilities of ~0.5 D, and an arkosic lithology with angular grains. There is no free gas cap, and the structure is divided into fault-controlled block...