File format assessments have been the subject of much debate in and outside of the preservation community in the past decade. Recognizing the unique structural, operational, and collecting context of the British Library, the Library’s digital preservation team recently initiated new format assessment work to deliver recommendations on which file formats will best enable the preservation of inte...

INTRODUCTION A "flipped classroom" educational model exchanges the traditional format of a classroom lecture and homework problem set. We piloted two flipped classroom sessions in our emergency medicine (EM) residency didactic schedule. We aimed to learn about resident and faculty impressions of the sessions, in order to develop them as a regular component of our residency curriculum. METHODS...

Lower and upper bounds are given for the the number of permutations of length n generated by two stacks in series, two stacks in parallel, and a general deque.

book title: obstetrics, gynocology and infertility authors : dr. abotaleb saremi dictionary first edition: 2016 price :600/000 rials book description: the lexicon, specialized in gynecology, obstetrics and infertility, has been written out by professor abotaleb sarem through ambitious endeavor in the past decade, and then scientifically edited by madam mojdeh safavi. this book consists of almos...

Current climate variability is already imposing significant challenge to Ethiopia. Therefore, farmers have faced income variability in almost every production season. Problems associated with dependence on rain fed agriculture are common in Ethiopia. Smallholder farmers’ vulnerability from such income variability is also common. Over the years, a range of risk management strategies have been us...

We propose an algorithm to classify speech degradations at network endpoints and to estimate the speech quality based on the degradation classification decision. Perceptual features from degraded speech signals are used to form statistical reference models of different degradation classes. Consistency measures, calculated between degraded speech signals and the reference models, are used to tra...

The ability to independently describe operational rules is indispensable for a modular description of programming languages. This paper introduces a format for open-ended rules and proves that conservatively adding new rules results in well-behaved translations between the models of the operational semantics. Silent transitions in our operational model are truly unobservable, which enables one ...

One of the most widely appreciated problems of contingent valuation is the potential manipulability of the method, thus subjecting it to possible strategic bias. This paper shows that under usual conditions this problem also holds for market-based methods, such as travel cost and hedonic pricing. However, not all formats of these valuation methods are manipulable. This paper finds positive resu...

Priority queues and double-ended priority queues are fundamental data types in Computer Science, and various data structures have been proposed to implement them. In particular, diamond deques, interval heaps, min-max-pair heaps, and twin-heaps provide implicit structures for double-ended priority queues. Although these heap-like structures are essentially the same when they are presented in an...