Machines significantly more intelligent than humans will require changes in our legal and economic systems in order to preserve something of our human values. An open source design for artificial intelligence (AI) will help this process by discouraging corruption, by enabling many minds to search for errors, and by encouraging political cooperation. The author's experience developing open sourc...

Motivated by the German postal market, this paper analyzes the effects of regulatory uncertainty about labor costs for investment into a liberalized market. We distinguish between the external investment margin (market entry) and the internal investment margin (technology) and establish that regulatory uncertainty affects these margins differently, encouraging market entry but discouraging inve...

Male barnacle goose Rruntu leucopsis display duration is longest when females respond with loud repetitious calls, intermediate when females follow silently and shortest when females call softly. We x g u c that these encouraging and discouraging vocalizations and the associated posturing is an intlucntial behaviour ~ i s e d during the mate choice, pair maintenance and aggressivc interaction p...

This research examines the spread of criminal behavior and hard drug consumption using a mathematical approach called cellular automata (CA). This CA model is based on two behavioral concepts. Firstly, peer association impacts criminal involvement. Secondly, addiction can heighten criminal activity. The model incorporates four types of actors who interact in a high-risk social community and one...

BACKGROUND Latino preschoolers (3-5 year old children) have among the highest rates of obesity. Low levels of physical activity (PA) are a risk factor for obesity. Characterizing what Latino parents do to encourage or discourage their preschooler to be physically active can help inform interventions to increase their PA. The objective was therefore to develop and assess the psychometrics of a n...