The authors present highly selective emitters based on two-dimensional tantalum (Ta) photonic crystals, fabricated on 2 in. polycrystalline Ta substrates, for high-temperature applications, e.g., thermophotovoltaic energy conversion. In this study, a fabrication route facilitating large-area photonic crystal fabrication with high fabrication uniformity and accuracy, based on interference lithog...

This paper describes a fast procedure for evaluating asphalt pavement surface defects using airborne emissivity data. To develop this procedure, we used airborne multispectral emissivity data covering an urban test area close to Venice (Italy).For this study, we first identify and select the roads' asphalt pavements on Multispectral Infrared Visible Imaging Spectrometer (MIVIS) imagery using a ...

Land surface temperature (LST) and emissivity are important components of land surface modeling and applications. The only practical means of obtaining LST at spatial and temporal resolutions appropriate for most modeling applications is through remote sensing. While the popular split-window method has been widely used to estimate LST, it requires known emissivity values. Multispectral thermal ...

An accurate land surface emissivity (LSE) is critical for the retrieval of atmospheric temperature and moisture profiles along with land surface temperature from hyperspectral infrared (IR) sounder radiances; it is also critical to assimilating IR radiances in numerical weather prediction models over land. To investigate the impact of different LSE datasets on Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS...

In this study, several methods to compute land surface temperatures (LST) from Landsat TM5 data are compared. Two different approaches are considered. An image based approach that takes into account atmospherically corrected data by using a dark object subtraction model (DOS-1) and computes the emissivity as NDVI function. The emissivity of a surface is controlled by such factors as water conte...

Thermal-infrared radiosity and heat-diffusion model for estimating sub-pixel radiant temperatures over the course of a day Iryna Danilina Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Professor Alan Gillespie Department of Earth and Space Sciences In temperature/emissivity estimation from remotely measured radiances the general assumption is that scene elements represented by pixels in fact have a single...

Using microwave brightness temperature diurnal cycle to improve emissivity retrievals over land" (2012). a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f o Keywords: Emissivity Brightness temperature Diurnal cycle Land Passive microwave Effective temperature Vegetation Soil moisture To retrieve microwave land emissivity, infrared surface skin temperatures have been used as surface physical temperature since...

This paper presents a new microwave snow emissivity model which is empirically derived from satellite retrievals and ground-based measurements. This model produces a variety of snow emissivity spectra at microwave frequencies according to snow types. As part of this model, an algorithm is also developed to classify snow type using the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU) measurements at 23.8...

[1] Three radiative transfer equations are built for MODIS bands 29, 31, and 32, which involve six unknown parameters (average atmospheric temperature, land surface temperature (LST), three band emissivities, and water vapor content). The relationships between geophysical parameters have been analyzed in detail, which indicates that neural network is one of the best methods to resolve these ill...

The average rate of emission of ionizing radiation per unit volume (or emissivity) in the universe can be calculated as the ratio of the intensity of the ionizing background to the mean free path of ionizing photons. The intensity of the background is measured from the mean transmitted flux of the Lyα forest, and the mean free path is measured from the abundance of Lyman limit systems, which ha...