PURPOSE OF REVIEW The literature related to visual hallucinations in ophthalmological settings from 2007 to 2008 is presented as a review of recent developments and trends. RECENT FINDINGS Acuity, contrast sensitivity, age and sex emerge as significant and consistent risk factors for visual hallucinations, together with new evidence to suggest that up to 40% of patients have long-term halluci...

BACKGROUND Visual hallucinations have been reported to occur in up to 25% of patients who meet the criteria for posterior cortical atrophy (PCA). It is not known, however, whether patients who meet the criteria for PCA and have hallucinations are different from those who meet the criteria and do not have hallucinations. OBJECTIVE To compare the clinical and imaging features of patients with P...

Objective: Isolated visual hallucinations is considered as the Charles Bonnet syndrome. Ophtalmic or brain organic disease is a necessary or exclusionary criterion for diagnosis. In previous reports, it reported only solitary hallucination. In this report, we found multiple hallucinations. Case Presentation: In this article we report a 64 year-old blind man with renal failure under hemodialy...

Visual hallucinations are a feature of many psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder as well as proto-typical conditions such as Charles Bonnet syndrome. However, their prevalence is particularly high in Lewy body diseases including Parkinson's disease, Parkinson's disease with dementia and dementia with Lewy bodies; and in the latter up to 80% of individuals are affe...

Charles Bonnet syndrome is an underrecognized disease that involves visual hallucinations in visually impaired patients. We present the cases of three patients who experienced complex visual hallucinations following various pathomechanisms. In two cases, diagnosis showed coexistence of occipital lobe damage with ocular damage, while in the third case it showed occipital lobe damage with retrobu...

BACKGROUND Cerebral thromboembolism is a rare, but well-recognized complication of angiographic procedures. Peduncular hallucinosis (PH) is a form of complex visual hallucinations usually associated with lesions in the midbrain and thalamus. CASE PRESENTATION We report the case of a 79-years-old male patient with internuclear ophthalmoplegia and vivid lilliputian visual hallucinations (pedunc...

Visual hallucinations are a common, distressing, and disabling symptom of Lewy body and other diseases. Current models suggest that interactions in internal cognitive processes generate hallucinations. However, these neglect external factors. Pareidolic illusions are an experimental analogue of hallucinations. They are easily induced in Lewy body disease, have similar content to spontaneous hal...

Photosensitivity is a typical feature of photosensitive epilepsy which is usually considered a form of idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Partial seizures featuring visual symptoms are rarely reported in photosensitive epilepsy. In this study, we describe 13 neurologically normal patients in whom daytime seizures were always induced by television and began with elementary visual hallucinations, f...