Abstract Over the past decade, electric vehicles (EVs) have been considered in a growing number of models and methods for vehicle routing problems (VRPs). This study presents comprehensive survey EV their many variants. We only consider which each may visit multiple vertices be recharged during trip. The related literature can roughly divided into nine classes: Electric traveling salesman probl...

The integration of electric vehicles (EVs) with the energy grid has become an important area research due to increasing EV penetration in today's transportation systems. Under appropriate management charging and discharging, can currently satisfy requirements a considerable number EVs. Furthermore, EVs help enhance reliability stability through ancillary services such as storage. This paper pro...

The steady increase in oil prices and awareness regarding environmental risks due to carbon dioxide emissions are promoting the current interest in electric vehicles. However, the current relatively low driving range (autonomy) of these vehicles, especially compared with the autonomy of existing internal combustion vehicles, remains an obstacle to their development. In order to reassure a drive...

In this paper the Hybrid Vehicle Routing Problem (HVRP) is introduced and formalized. This problem is an extension of the classical VRP in which vehicles can work both electrically and with traditional fuel. The vehicle may change propulsion mode at any point of time. The unitary travel cost is much lower for distances covered in the electric mode. An electric battery has a limited capacity and...

periodic vehicle routing problem focuses on establishing a plan of visits to clients over a given time horizon so as to satisfy some service level while optimizing the routes used in each time period. this paper presents a new effective heuristic algorithm based on data mining tools for periodic vehicle routing problem (pvrp). the related results of proposed algorithm are compared with the resu...

This paper reviews and improves a recently proposed model of road network dynamics. The model is also adapted and generalised to represent the patterns of battery consumption of electric vehicles traveling in the road network. Simulations from the mobility simulator SUMO are given to support and to illustrate the efficacy of the proposed approach. Applications relevant in the field of electric ...

vehicle routing problem (vrp) is one of the major problems in the transportation and distribution planning. in the most previous studies, the objective of vrp models was distance and vehicle related costs. however in many industrial cases along with routing distance, vehicle loading amount is a factor of cost function. in this paper, we formulate a mixed integer non-linear programming (minlp) m...

The purpose of this research is to present a new mathematical modeling for a vehicle routing problem considering concurrently the criteria such as distance, weight, traffic considerations, time window limitation, and heterogeneous vehicles in the reverse logistics network for collection of expired products. In addition, we aim to present an efficient solution approach according to differential ...