In this paper, whether markets are integrated or segmented is endogenous and is determined by the interaction of demand parameters, tariffs, transportation costs, and arbitrage. Given certain restrictions, it is shown, in equilibrium, that policy makers choose tariffs to segment markets. The effects of trade liberalization (reducing all tariffs to zero) in an endogenous market structure framewo...

The sales of electric vehicles (EV) are recently experiencing an exponential growth. There is scientific evidence that EVs, in their lifecycle, generate a lower amount greenhouse gases emissions and local pollution with respect to ICE ones. However, fast EVs diffusion will increase the load on power system still unclear manner. It recognized EV charging intensive operation dumb strategies secur...

In this paper, we survey 82 papers related to revenue management and dynamic pricing of electricity and lists future research avenues in this field. Dynamic pricing has the potential to modify electric load profiles by charging different prices at different demand levels and hence can act as an effective demand side management tool. There are different forms of dynamic prices that can be offere...

The integration of electric vehicles (EV) into the smart grid is bounded by high variability of demand for electricity, unwillingness of consumers to change behavior as well as low degree of product familiarity. Especially the absence of real-time energy tariffs constrains the widespread use of EVs as sustainable alternatives to a combustion engine. We propose to explore the behavior of EV user...

We construct a three-country model to determine how the formation of free trade areas (FTAs) affects optimal tariffs and welfare. We find that, at constant rest of the world (ROW) tariffs, the adoption of internal free trade induces union members to reduce their external tariffs below the Kemp–Wan [J. Int. Econom. 6 (1976) 95–97] level, and causes ROW’s terms of trade to improve and its welfare...

In many places worldwide the amount of connected distributed energy resources (DER) at the distribution grids is increasing. The electricity feed-in and consumption of those resources requires an adaptation of the system management in order to secure reliability of supply. As it is the case already at high voltage levels under responsibility of the system operator, different trading options lik...

We examine the profitability of two-part tariffs in name-your-own-price (NYOP) markets using incentivecompatible laboratory experiments. An NYOP seller who uses a two-part tariff charges an upfront nonrefundable bidding fee akin to an entrance fee into his store. We find two-part tariffs can be profitable to NYOP sellers, and we identify a strong moderator of this profitability: a decision aid ...

OBJECTIVE To study how the choice of national EQ-5D tariff may affect utility and incremental quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) estimates. METHODS South Swedish rheumatoid arthritis patients in an observational study, starting and continuing anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) monotherapy (n=54) or anti-TNF plus methotrexate (n=215) for 1 year during May 2002 to April 2009, were included. EQ-5D...