This article examines possible explanations for increased utilization of Powder River Basin (PRB) coal in electric power generation that occurred over the last two decades. Did more stringent environmental policy motivate electric power plants to switch to less polluting fuels? Or, did greater use of PRB coal occur because relative price changes altered input markets in favor of this fuel. A ke...

For those with levels of loss above the elbow, the normal prescription choice is now considered to be the use of an electric elbow combined with a myoelectric hand using a single site three state control. The lightweight VASI unit controlled by a harness mounted switch is mounted in a prosthesis the socket of which is total contact, and allows improved power transfer.

We propose schemes of reversing the magnetization of a ferromagnet by electric fields alone, without charge or spin currents or external magnetic fields. The switching is triggered by picosecond manipulation of the atomic positions or subpicosecond distortion of the valence charge distribution, which through spin-orbit coupling modifies the magnetic anisotropy. We discuss how such time-even ani...

The electric vehicle (Ve) is struck by their low autonomy. To remedy this problem, we opted for the choice of a converter structure in electromagnetic switch, since it has no power dissipation in switching and conduction. The development of a control law of motorization continues saving energy and its implementation under the environment of MATLAB / SIMULINK, led to the scientific results of hi...

We demonstrate the use of electrically contacted vapor cells to switch the transmission of a probe laser. The excitation scheme makes use of electromagnetically induced transparency involving a Rydberg state. The cell fabrication technique involves thin-film-based electric feedthroughs, which are well suited for scaling this concept to many addressable pixels like in flat panel displays.

Hybrid car on the drive system used in the study are two types of driving three phase induction motors and the Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) as a backup drive. On the second drive system is required movement drive transmission soft transition during the both movement of the drive. Therefore, techniques are required to control the electronic switch gear in the car drive transmission equipment...

in this research, the structural behavior of timber and concrete sleepers in a standard railway turnout is evaluated, in the case of raising speed. in approaching this evaluation, current practices in the structural analysis of sleepers are surveyed and then, the sensitivity analysis with abaqus software is made based on selected criteria (bending and shear stresses as well as contact pressure)...

This paper deals with the Direct Torque Control (DTC) of Brushless DC (BLDC) motor drives fed by four-switch inverters (also known as B4inverters) rather than six-switch inverters (also known as B6 inverters) in conventional drives. The principle of operation of the BLDC motor is firstly recalled considering both cases of B6and B4-inverters in the armature, with emphasis on the twoand three-pha...

The demands of FC technology with high performance is very interesting alternative on supplement the electric system generation, due to the persistent cost reduction of the overall system a lot of works have been done during the design and implementation of high efficiency DC-DC converters applicable in FC . This paper proposes for improving the power-conversion efficiency and to obtain high vo...