BACKGROUND The main function of red blood cells is to transport oxygen to all parts of the body with the help of hemoglobin. Other proteins of the cell membrane can attach xenobiotics (eg, drugs) from the blood and transport them throughout the body. Only drugs able to bind to the membrane of the red blood cell can modify its structure and elastic properties. The morphology and local elastic pr...

 Let $R$ be a commutative ring with identity and $M$ be a finitely generated unital $R$-module. In this paper, first we give necessary and sufficient conditions that a finitely generated module to be a multiplication module. Moreover, we investigate some conditions which imply that the module $M$ is the direct sum of some cyclic modules and free modules. Then some properties of Fitting ideals o...

 Prime submodules and artinian prime modules are characterized. Furthermore, some previous results on prime modules and second modules are generalized.

The scattering of plane steady-state sound waves from a viscous fluid-filled thin cylindrical shell weakened by a long linear slit and submerged in an ideal fluid is studied. For the description of vibrations of elastic objects the Kirchhoff–Love shell-theory approximation is used. An exact solution of this problem is obtained in the form of series with cylindrical harmonics. The numerical anal...

Elastic proteins in the muscles of a nematode (Caenorhabditis elegans), three insects (Drosophila melanogaster, Anopheles gambiae, Bombyx mori) and a crustacean (Procambus clarkii) were compared. The sequences of thick filament proteins, twitchin in the worm and projectin in the insects, have repeating modules with fibronectin-like (Fn) and immunoglobulin-like (Ig) domains conserved between spe...

‎A module $M$ is lifting if and only if $M$ is amply supplemented and‎ ‎every coclosed submodule of $M$ is a direct summand‎. ‎In this paper‎, ‎we are‎ ‎interested in a generalization of lifting modules by removing the condition‎"‎amply supplemented‎" ‎and just focus on modules such that every non-cosingular‎ ‎submodule of them is a summand‎. ‎We call these modules NS‎. ‎We investigate some gen...

Synchronous design is currently by far the mainstream design paradigm of digital circuits. However, the move to modern nano-meter technologies has brought unprecedented delay variability issues. That makes maintaining clock synchronization challenging and costly in terms of power and area. Elastic circuits is an emerging method for tackling delay variability while avoiding the technology disrup...

An R-module M is called strongly noncosingular if it has no nonzero Rad-small (cosingular) homomorphic image in the sense of Harada. It is proven that (1) an R-module M is strongly noncosingular if and only if M is coatomic and noncosingular; (2) a right perfect ring R is Artinian hereditary serial if and only if the class of injective modules coincides with the class of (strongly) noncosingula...

A two-phase DLSM model is proposed to model transverse isotropic materials, in which the layer structure of the anisotropic materials is explicitly represented. Equations are derived to obtain elastic parameters of the two phase model from the elastic modules in parallel to the bedding planes and that in normal direction of the bedding planes. Then, the mechanical properties of the two-phase DL...

Introduction: Mechanical properties of human soft tissues can be investigated in vivo with dynamic magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) by applying low frequency shear waves and measuring the resulting tissue deflections [1]. From these data, elastic and viscoelastic modules are commonly calculated using the algebraic Helmholtz inversion [2,3]. So far, MRE is the only method for a noninvasive ...