Infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS) clouds, such as Amazon EC2, offer pay-for-use virtual resources ondemand. This allows users to outsource computation and storage when needed and create elastic computing environments that adapt to changing demand. However, existing services, such as cluster resource managers (e.g. Torque), do not include support for elastic environments. Furthermore, no recont...

The Internet has brought consumers increased access to information to make purchase decisions. As markets come closer to perfect information, one of the expected outcomes is an increase in competition. One of the consequences is an increase in the price elasticity of demand, or the percent change in demand due to a percent change in price, because consumers are better able to compare offerings ...

This paper examines a two stage model of product choice with elastic demand. The duopolists choose locations in the initial stage and compete in prices in the next stage. The consumers' demand varies inversely with price. The existence of Nash equilibrium prices in the second stage for each pair of locations is proved. The equilibrium locations chosen in the rst stage are unique and symmetric. ...

demand for farm output is theoretically consistent with consumer demand and marketing performance. many studies have focused on demand interrelationships at the retail level, but not on the demand for farm output. in this study, derived demand elasticities of sheep, beef and chicken were estimated in a complete system of demand functions by seemingly unrelated regression estimator (sure) for th...

While flexible bandwidth elastic optical networking is a promising direction for future networks, the spectral fragmentation problem in such a network inevitably raises the blocking probability and significantly degrades network performance. This paper addresses the spectral defragmentation problem using an auxiliary graph based approach, which transforms the problem into a matter of finding th...

This paper examines the reliability-based stochastic transit assignment problem with elastic demand. A Variational Inequality (VI) model for this problem is developed. The VI model considers capacity, waiting time and in-vehicle travel time as stochastic variables, and includes Spiess and Florian’s (1989) and de Cea and Fernández’s (1993) models as special cases. A reliability-based stochastic ...

The general multimodal network equilibrium problem with elastic balanced demand is studied. This problem is a combination of trip distribution, modal split and trip assignment problems. The problem is approached from an asymmetric network equilibrium point of view with side constraints. The balances for travel demand are taken as side constraints. These balances do not guarantee that the proble...

This paper considers the optimization of public infrastructure systems, recognizing that these systems serve multiple user classes. Example application domains include: public transportation systems, electricity distribution grids, urban water distribution systems, and maintenance of pavement and bridge systems. Under the guidance of a policy-making body, the analyst chooses both the system des...

We study a stochastic model of electricity production and consumption where appliances are adaptive and adjust their consumption to the available production, by delaying their demand and possibly using batteries. The model incorporates production volatility due to renewables, ramp-up and rampdown time, uncertainty about actual demand versus planned production, delayed and evaporated demand due ...

Resource-intensive tasks are playing an increasing role in business processes. The emergence of Cloud computing has enabled the deployment of such tasks onto resources sourced on-demand from Cloud providers. This has enabled so-called elastic processes that are able to dynamically adjust their resource usage to meet varying workloads. Traditional Business Process Management Systems (BPMSs) do n...