An important question in the study of the exercise response is the real or imaginary nature of the anaerobic threshold, and mathematical modeling techniques have been invoked to assist in resolving this issue. Two opposing views with competing data models recently published in this journal are criticized. One view suggests a segmented model with a discontinuous first derivative at the threshold...

Anaerobic threshold is widely used for diagnosis of swimming aerobic endurance but the precise incremental protocols step duration for its assessment is controversial. A physiological and biomechanical comparison between intermittent incremental protocols with different step lengths and a maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) test was conducted. 17 swimmers performed 7×200, 300 and 400 m (30 s an...

Increment threshold intensities were measured for a foveally presented 20msec test flash which fell on a gashed 4.1” white background field. The test field was varied in color (red or green) and size (1” or 0.57”). In one condition (green 0.57” test) the onset asynchrony of the background and test fields was also varied. The increment threshold measurements directly demonstrate saturation of th...

The effects of light adaptation on the increment threshold, rhodopsin content, and dark adaptation have been studied in the rat eye over a wide range of intensities. The electroretinogram threshold was used as a measure of eye sensitivity. With adapting intensities greater than 1.5 log units above the absolute ERG threshold, the increment threshold rises linearly with increasing adapting intens...

The anaerobic threshold is commonly measured by either blood lactate (lactate threshold) or ventilatory gases (ventilatory threshold); however, the relationship between these 2 methods is not conclusive. The lactate threshold has been characterised at either a fixed or variable blood lactate concentration (BLa). Recent studies have indicated a specific blood lactate concentration for each indiv...

We present a method allowing a signiicant speed-up of the eigen-detection method (detection based on principle component analysis). We derive a formula for an upper bound on the class-conditional probability (or, equivalently, a lower bound on the Mahalanobis distance) on which detection is based. Often, the lower bound of Mahalanobis distance (MD) reaches a preset threshold after computation o...

OBJECTIVE To examine short-wavelength sensitivity in patients with migraine using short-wavelength automated perimetry (SWAP) and Stiles 2-color increment threshold procedures. METHODS Twenty-five subjects with migraine with (n = 11) and without (n = 14) aura and 20 age-matched headache-free subjects underwent testing. All subjects underwent standard automated perimetry (SAP) and SWAP (using ...

Clinical measurements by the increment-threshold technique of W.S. Stiles are reported in five cases of age-related macular degeneration. Measurements were made on a modified Tübingen perimeter using 1 degree, short-wavelength targets presented on a red field.

This discussion attempts to present a simple explanation of the current theory of error catastrophe and why it does not herald a paradigm shift in antiviral strategy. In the main text of the paper, the workings of a simple model of error catastrophe are examined to demonstrate what actually causes error catastrophe. The Appendix contains a more detailed discussion of the original error threshol...