efflux time measurements are carried out for gravity draining of a liquid from a large cylindrical tank (where the flow is essentially laminar) through single exit pipe in the absence and presence of cetyl pyridinium chloride (cpc) surfactant solutions. the variables considered are initial height of liquid in the tank, dia. of tank, length of the exit pipe and concentration of surfactant. the d...

this paper presents efflux time experiments performed in the absence and presence of aqueous solutions of drag reducing agents (dras) when a liquid is emptied from a large open cylindrical storage tank through an exit piping system. the drag reducing agents studied are dodecyl benzene sulfonate anionic surfactant and a mixed solution of surfactant and sodium chloride counter ion. the variables ...

OBJECTIVE Cholesterol efflux is achieved by several mechanisms. This study examines contributions of these pathways to efflux to human serum. METHODS AND RESULTS Human fibroblasts were stably transfected with SR-BI while ABCA1 was upregulated. Quantitation of cholesterol efflux to human serum demonstrated that there was efflux from cells without either protein. Expression of ABCA1 produced a ...

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the role of efflux pump regulator and OXA-23 genes in imipenem resistance Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated from hospitalized patients in Tehran, Iran. Methods: This study was conducted on 60 A. baumannii isolates collected from pa...

Background: For understanding the roles of fatty acids on the induction of acrosome reaction which occurs under association of cholesterol efflux and PKA or PKC pathways in boar spermatozoa, metabolic fate of alone and combined radiolabeled 14C-oleic acid and 3H-linoleic acid incorporated in the sperm was compared, and behavior of cholesterol and effects of PKA and PKC inhibitors upon fatty aci...

Active efflux of drugs mediated by efflux pumps that confer drug resistance is one of the mechanisms developed by bacteria to counter the adverse effects of antibiotics and chemicals. To understand these efflux mechanisms in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, we generated knockout (KO) mutants of four efflux pumps of the pathogen belonging to different classes. We measured the MICs and kill values of ...

The sensitivity of sodium efflux to the removal of potassium ions from the external solution and the change in sodium efflux occurring when sodium ions are also removed were observed to be related. When Tris was used to replace external sodium ions, increases in sodium efflux were always observed whether the sensitivity of sodium efflux to external potassium ions was weak or strong. Greater per...

OBJECTIVE Macrophage expression of both apolipoprotein E (apoE) and ABCA1 have been shown to modulate lipid efflux from these cells and to play an important atheroprotective role in vivo. We evaluated the relationship between apoE and ABCA1 for regulating cellular sterol efflux. METHODS AND RESULTS ApoE-mediated, but ABCA1-independent, lipid efflux was demonstrated in 3 model systems. First, ...

Paclitaxel is a substrate of the mdr1 P-glycoprotein (Pgp). The objective of the present study was to determine the kinetics of the Pgp-mediated efflux and its contribution to the overall efflux of paclitaxel at the clinically achievable concentration range of 1 to 1500 nM. Human breast carcinoma BC19 cells that were derived from MCF7 cells by mdr1 transfection and show a >10-fold higher level ...