background: the assessment of rbe quantity in the treatment of cancer tumors with proton beams in treatment planning systems (tps) is of high significance. given the significance of the issue and the studies conducted in the literature, this quantity is fixed and is taken as equal to 1.1. objective: the main objective of this study was to assess rbe quantity of proton beams and their variations...

The effective dose is designed to provide a single number proportional to the radiobiological "detriment" from a particular, often inhomogeneous, radiation exposure, with detriment representing a balance between carcinogenesis, life shortening and hereditary effects. It is commonly used to allow a comparison of the risks associated with different spatial dose distributions produced by different...

Introduction: Head scans are the most frequently performed computed tomography (CT) examinations worldwide. However, there is growing concern over the probability of increased cancer risks among the exposed populations. Diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) identify radiation dose that is not commensurate with clinical objectives. The aim of this study was to establish DR...

Background: Health hazards associated with exposure due to the natural radioactivity which is a part of our physical environment are of great concern. In order to assess the risks associated with exposure due to the natural radioactivity in soil and building materials, extensive studies have been carried out all over the world. The most commonly encountered radionuclide’s are 238U, 2...

the radionuclides 226ra, 232th and 40k concentrations measured as well as radiological parameters, for 14 granite samples that use in iran as building material were calculated. the measurements of the radioactivity concentrations were carried out at nuclear physics laboratory university of tabriz. this subject is important in environmental radiological protection, since granites are extensively...

Radioactivity was measured for 170 cow's milk samples in Salah-Din governorate. Samples were by a gamma spectrometry system, using high purity germanium (HPGe) detector. The detector shielded 10 cm all sides with cadmium copper the inner sides. selected characteristic peaks detection of different ware 1460kev K-40. energy calibration performed set standard ray sources Eu-152. results show prese...

The dose conversion factors for short-lived thoron decay products were calculated using a dosimetric approach. The calculations were based on a computer program LUDEP, which implements the ICRP 66 respiratory tract model. The dose per equilibrium equivalent concentration for thoron (EETC) was calculated with respect to (1) equivalent dose to each region of the lung tissues (bronchial, bronchiol...