The qi stagnation constitution is associated with depression in traditional Chinese medicine. It is unclear how rumination and stressful life events affect the relationship between the qi stagnation constitution and depression. The Qi Stagnation Constitution Scale, Ruminative Response Scale, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Checklist were...

This paper establishes a simple model of long run economic and political development, which is driven by the inherent technical features of di¤erent production factors, and political con‡icts among factor owners on how to divide the outputs. The main capital form in economy evolves from land to physical capital and then to human capital, which enables their respective owners (landlords, capital...

One of the most controversial aspects of federal and state policies aimed at protecting old-growth ecosystems is the potential effect of job losses on local economic conditions. A fundamental question for historically forest-dependent areas is whether these policies will result in local economic stagnation and enduring pockets of poverty. This study uses monthly, multicounty time series data to...

Asian economies and China as major economic actors in terms of both regional and global economy are in the process of economic stagnation for now. Therefore, it is expected a sharp decrease in energy demand –that has continued since 1990sof Asian economies which will be directly affected by export and investment flows. In this context, first of all, the literature on the relation between econom...

This paper examines the phenomenon of real-income stagnation (in which realincome growth is negligible or negative for a sizable uninterrupted sequence of years). It analyzes data for four decades from a large cross-section of countries. Real income stagnation is a conceptually distinct phenomenon from low average growth and other features of the growth sequence that have been held to be of int...

Data describing the historical growth of human population global and regional (Western Europe, Eastern Europe, Asia, former USSR, Africa and Latin America) are analysed. Results are in harmony with the earlier analysis of the historical growth of the world population in the past 12,000 years and with a similar but limited study carried out over 50 years ago. This analysis is also in harmony wit...

Two stories characterize the Middle East in general—and the Arab world in particular. They are robust authoritarian regimes suffering economic dysfunction under the stifling “institutional stagnation” of Islamic law. Neither story is credible. In this paper I draw on rather standard economic and demographic data to construct a model of the trajectories to political revolt in 16 Arab countries. ...

We consider stagnation point flow away from a wall for creeping flow of dilute polymer solutions. For a simplified flow geometry, we explicitly show that a narrow region of strong polymer extension (a birefringent strand) forms downstream of the stagnation point in the UCM model and extensions, like the FENE-P model. These strands are associated with the existence of an essential singularity in...