This study is intended to underline the importance of the role played by the cross-industry allocation of R&D resources, as indicated by several indices measuring R&D inequality, within the manufacturing industries of each country, and how it determines cross-country productivity growth. In other words, the main debate is whether national R&D policies for promoting productivity growth should be...

Lot streaming is a procedure in which a production lot is split into smaller sub-lots and moved to the next processing stage so that operations at successive stages of a multistage manufacturing system can be overlapped in time. Lot streaming reduces the manufacturing lead time and thereby provides an opportunity to lower the costs of holding work-in-process inventories. In this paper, we prese...

General cost for CNC machining and the associated energy cost are set in the context of making economic and environmental improvements. This creates an incentive for manufacturing companies to investigate the energy efficiency of manufacturing processes. The paper presents a costing model, based on machining experiments. The model is accompanied with an industry based case to estimate the cost ...

Minimising manufacturing cost and production time parallel to raising the quality and the shipment reliability are important challenges in every production system. In case of distributed production systems the management of the above-mentioned criteria has great signi"cance and needs a complex, co-operative handling of the problems. A new, co-operative manufacturing network model is proposed fo...

China has enjoyed high economic growth for three decades since the initiative of economic reform in 1978. This growth has however been driven mainly by labour-intensive, export-oriented manufacturing activities. Has innovation played a role in China’s economic growth? What are the determinants of innovation in the Chinese economy? These are some of the questions which are to be explored in this...

This paper examines introducing Economic Value Added as a performance measure for small manufacturing companies. Advantages and disadvantages of using Economic Value Added as a primary measure of performance as compared to sales, revenues, earnings, operating profit, profit after tax, and profit margin are investigated. The Economic Value Added calculation using data from a small company’s inco...

BACKGROUND Bidis, the most common smoking tobacco product in India, remain largely untaxed and are subject to very few regulations to discourage their use. A major argument against tax increases is the large potential loss of economic activity and employment in the bidi industry from reduced consumption. METHODS We used a nationally representative survey of unorganised bidi manufacturing firm...

The aim of this paper is to develop an optimization model for quality improvement by considering quality investment in rework policies and supply chain profit sharing. To improve product’s quality, the decision of process target and its tolerance is important since it directly affects the defective rate, manufacturing cost, and loss to customer due to the deviation of product from its specifica...

Design of a decision-aiding model between subtractive manufacturing and 3Dprinting Tuan Minh Ryan Pham and Colton Harrison 3D-printing is becoming more and more widely used in industry. As this happens, manufacturers are becoming unsure of when to use this new technology and when to trudge on with subtractive (conventional) manufacturing processes. Subtractive manufacturing processes are well-e...

The present article attempts to investigate the validity of the Comanor–Wilson Minimum Efficient Size (MES) measure. The basic assumption is that firms that have exhausted scale economies are in non-increasing returns to scale. The same firms are also assumed to have a size greater than MES estimated on sales (total turnover), employment or fixed assets. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is used,...