OBJECTIVE To investigate the economics of lung volume reduction surgery. DESIGN Medical center and physician charges obtained from billing records. SETTING Academic health center. PATIENTS Twenty-three consecutive patients undergoing lung volume reduction surgery at a single institution who were discharged from the hospital prior to November 1, 1995. OUTCOME MEASURES Length of hospital ...

This paper provides an international overview of the most recent estimates of the social costs of road crashes: total costs, value per casualty and breakdown in cost components. The analysis is based on publications about the national costs of road crashes of 17 countries, of which ten high income countries (HICs) and seven low and middle income countries (LMICs). Costs are expressed as a propo...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the capacity implications and health economic impact of new guidelines recommending referral to colposcopy after one mild result during cervical screening rather than after two consecutive mild results. DESIGN A mathematical model of the country's colposcopy services and the clinical pathways from smear result through to treatment is constructed. The model incorporates n...

Empirical evidence shows that biodiversity conservation policies implemented in agriculture sector in many OECD countries have not been environmentally effective nor cost-effective. There are several new policy mechanisms available to improve both environmental effectiveness and the cost-effectiveness, including spatially differentiated payments and conservation auctions. In this paper a theore...

BACKGROUND Knowledge of treatment cost is essential in assessing cost effectiveness in healthcare. Evidence of the potential impact of implementing available interventions against childhood illnesses in developing countries challenges us to define the costs of treating these diseases. The purpose of this study is to describe the total costs associated with treatment of pneumonia, malaria and me...

The market share of generic drugs has grown substantially since the passage of the Waxman-Hatch Act, increasing from 19% in 1984 to 50% in 2001. At entry, the generic drugs typically are priced lower than brand-name drugs; thus, incorporating the impact of the generic drug entry introduces an additional source of uncertainty in economic models as both the timing of entry and the level of generi...

In this paper the authors consider the continuous deterministic, infinite horizon, single item inventory system within the setting of a retailer sector in which the demand rate for an item is time dependent. The parameter of the replenishment cost is kept constant, but the carrying cost per unit is allowed to vary. The optimal policies are found, and decision rules and classical EOQ model have ...

BACKGROUND The purpose of the analysis was to develop a health economic model to estimate the costs and health benefits of alternative National Health Service (NHS) service configurations for people with longer-term depression. METHOD Modelling methods were used to develop a conceptual and health economic model of the current configuration of services in Sheffield, England for people with lon...

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an important and rapidly expanding public health problem. Its large economic burden is a result of its disabling nature, chronicity, and high prevalence in older segments of the population. Current treatments of AD have been criticized for providing insufficient benefit to justify their costs, but variability in assessing both costs and benefits make evaluation of th...