PURPOSE To determine the involvement of retinal astrocytes (RACs) in T cell-mediated experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU). METHODS Frozen sections of eyes from naive mice or mice with EAU were stained for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) or major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules and were examined by confocal microscopy. RACs were isolated and cocultured with interpho...

A major limitation of most animal models of autoimmune diseases is that they do not reproduce the chronic or relapsing-remitting pattern characteristic of many human autoimmune diseases. This problem has been overcome in our rat models of experimentally induced monophasic or relapsing-remitting autoimmune uveitis (EAU), which depend on the inducing antigen peptides from retinal S-Antigen (monop...

PURPOSE It has been shown that IL-9 plays a proinflammatory role in the pathogenesis of certain autoimmune diseases. This study was designed to investigate the possible role of IL-9 in the development of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) and the effect of IFN-β on its expression. METHODS EAU was induced in B10RIII mice by immunization with interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein...

We present the first evidence that purified rhodopsin can induce experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) in monkeys. Injection of a highly purified lipid-free rhodopsin preparation provokes severe chorioretinitis with concomitant anterior uveitis. The onset of disease is earlier, its frequency is higher, and the inflammation is considerably more severe than in EAU induced under similar cond...

PURPOSE This study investigated the role of death receptor 3 (DR3) in experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU). METHODS EAU was induced in B10.RIII mice by subcutaneous injection of interphotoreceptor retinoid-binding protein (IRBP) 161-180 emulsified with complete Freund's adjuvant and evaluated with clinical and histopathologic observation. Total protein of draining lymph nodes (DLNs) was extr...

CONTEXT The first European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines on incontinence were published in 2001. These guidelines were periodically updated in past years. OBJECTIVE The aim of this paper is to present a summary of the 2009 update of the EAU guidelines on urinary incontinence (UI). EVIDENCE ACQUISITION The EAU working panel was part of the 4th International Consultation on Incontin...

The ocular microenvironment uses a poorly defined mela5 receptor (MC5r)-dependent pathway to recover immune tolerance following intraocular inflammation. This dependency is seen in experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU), a mouse model of endogenous human autoimmune uveitis, with the emergence of autoantigen-specific regulatory immunity in the spleen that protects the mice from recurrence o...

Uveitis comprises an extensive array of intraocular inflammatory diseases and often results in irreversible visual loss. Experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) is an animal model used to study human uveitis. Both innate and adaptive immune responses are known to mediate retinal damage in EAU. The innate immune response occurs first with activation of toll-like receptors which upregulate inflamma...

OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of bone marrow-derived regulatory dendritic cells (DCs) with potent immunoregulatory properties on the development of experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU). METHODS Bone marrow cells obtained from C57BL/6 mice were treated with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, transforming growth factor beta, and interleukin (IL) 10 and stimulated with l...