The inability to secure the airway, with consequent failure of oxygenation and ventilation, is a life-threatening complication. Failure of oxygenation leads to hypoxia followed by brain damage, cardiovascular dysfunction, and finally death. Time is a very crucial factor in this context. Complications vary widely in severity; while some are dramatic and immediately life-threatening (unrecognized...

The Fourth National Audit Project (NAP4) was set up by the Royal College of Anaesthetists and Difficult Airway Society to provide an insight into major complications of airway management in the United Kingdom. The NAP4 found that one serious airway complication such as death, brain damage, the need for surgical airway or unexpected intensive care admission, was reported for every 5500 general a...

TYPE: Case Report TOPIC: Transplantation INTRODUCTION: Airway complications, including granulation tissue formation, bronchial stenosis, and endobronchial infection, play an important role in allograft preservation after lung transplantation. CASE PRESENTATION: The patient is a 72-year-old man with history of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis who received unilateral transplant (07/2019). His early ...

Negative pressure pulmonary edema following tracheal extubation is an uncommon and life-threatening complication of patients undergoing endotracheal intubation and general anesthesia for surgical procedures. The common pattern in these cases is the occurrence of an episode of airway obstruction upon emergence from general anesthesia, usually caused by laryngospasm. Patients who are predisposed ...

Marshall-Smith syndrome (MSS) is a rare clinical disorder, characterized by accelerated skeletal maturation, facial anomalies, failure to thrive and death in early infancy due to respiratory complications. We experienced the difficult airway case with MSS. A 4-year-old boy underwent tenosynovectomy for the snapping finger. Although his upper airway was diagnosed as almost normal on the fiber-op...

We describe the case of a 67-year-old male with liver cirrhosis who presented with fever and neck pain. Magnetic resonance imaging of the spine detected cervical vertebral osteomyelitis, and enhanced CT of the neck and spine revealed retropharyngeal abscess. The patient was treated with empirical antimicrobial therapy and surgical drainage due to significant airway involvement. Escherichia coli...

Cranial nerve injuries are well-recognized complications of laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation and face mask ventilation. Recently, these have also been reported in association with extraglottic airway devices. Its diagnosis is clinical and it has a good prognosis, with resolution of the symptoms within a few weeks to months. The frequency of cranial nerve injuries can be reduced by avoiding ...

INTRODUCTION Double aortic arch is a congenital vascular abnormality in which the connected segments and their branches course between and compress the trachea and esophagus, often resulting in invariable airway compression. CASE PRESENTATION A 4-year-old boy with a history of recurrent wheezing was admitted to our hospital for evaluation of asthma based on his past medical history, persisten...