The nitrogen nuclear quadrupole coupling in borazine is reported and interpreted in combina­ tion with the previously measured boron coupling. A novel Townes-Dailey type of analysis was employed to obtain the electron distribution in borazine. A calculated rc-donation of ~ 0.5 e from the nitrogen atom to the vacant rc-orbital of boron is accompanied by a strong polarisation of the er-skeleton, ...

Polarisation control is demonstrated in circular gainguided top-surface emitting vertical cavity lasers by etching a narrow trench near the cavity aperture. An optimum etch depth exists for which all modes are pinned in a single polarisation. The etch orientation determines the dominant polarisation state of emission by modifying the spontaneous emission coupling into each polarisation state. P...

Microbial anodes were formed from compost leachate on carbon cloth electrodes. The biofilms formed at the surface of electrodes kept at open circuit contained microorganisms that switched their metabolism towards electrode respiration in response to a few minutes of polarisation. When polarisation at -0.2 V/SCE (+0.04 V/SHE) was applied to a pre-established biofilm formed at open circuit (delay...

BACKGROUND Non-typeable Haemophilus influenza (NTHi) infection is common in COPD. Corticosteroids can have limited therapeutic effects in COPD patients. NTHi causes corticosteroid insensitive cytokine production from COPD alveolar macrophages. We investigated the mechanisms by which NTHi causes corticosteroid insensitive inflammatory responses, and the effects of NTHi exposure on COPD macrophag...

Linear polarisation in gamma-ray burst prompt emission is an important diagnostic with the potential to significantly constrain models. The spectrometer aboard INTEGRAL, SPI, has the capability to detect the signature of polarised emission from a bright γ–ray source. GRB 041219a is the most intense burst localised by INTEGRAL with a fluence of 5.7 ×10−4 ergs cm−2 over the energy range 20 keV–8 ...

The paper is devoted to the understanding of the infrared emission of nuclear regions in galaxies. a) ISO data of NGC 1808 are presented: spectro–photometry from 5.1 to 16.4 µm; a 25 ′′ × 25 ′′ map at 6µm and 170µm photometry. b) The data are complemented by a polarization measurement at 170µm (2.5±0.4% at position angle 94 • ±5 •) and a map at 6µm. In the map, the degree of polarisation goes u...

We demonstrate multilevel data storage in organic ferroelectric resistive memory diodes consisting of a phase-separated blend of P(VDF-TrFE) and a semiconducting polymer. The dynamic behaviour of the organic ferroelectric memory diode can be described in terms of the inhomogeneous field mechanism (IFM) model where the ferroelectric components are regarded as an assembly of randomly distributed ...

The justification for doing the work presented in this paper lies in the recent and disturbing rumours regarding the reflectivity of the current SCIAMACHY Level 1b product. The reflectivity was claimed to show an overall 20-percent loss in magnitude compared to GOME. We will show that the reported discrepancy in the reflectivity is indeed not a fictional one, but that it is certainly not caused...