Scholarly research on shabih’khani, the Iranian traditional performance generally known as ta’ziyeh, has frequently portrayed creators of this theatrical form religious devotees with little or no knowledge and expertise. Yet, newly discovered manuscripts from Qajar era (1789 to 1925 CE/1168 1304 SH) contain annotations stage directions that can be interpreted directorial notes dramaturgical enh...

Royal Portraiture is one of the last Iranian miniature styles which more or less can be considered a Synthesis Style and European elements. This style was inspired by Westernization, but underwent important changes during Qajar era. In this research, tries to analyze interpret its ruptures that occurred in era Mohammad Shah. The main issue present project study ways rupture consequences were vi...

this article is an attempt to study two historical junctures in the history of iran: from the qajar era to the mashrooteh movement; and from the pahlavi era to the islamic revolution. the two junctures have been studied from different perspectives; however, this article concentrates only on how political legitimacy emerged and diminished in the the above-mentioned revolutions. the basic questio...

the qajar era is of great importance in the socio-political history and in the history of architecture of tehran, because it was in this era that tehran became the capital of iran and turned into a big city, and then, because of its specific architecture, paved the way for some great changes in the architecture of iran. the qajar era is a period of contradiction in architectural values and atti...