Dry–wet cycle conditions have significant effects on the corrosion of concrete under sulfate attack. However, previous studies only applied them as a method for accelerating attack and not systematically studied an object. In order to explore impact with different dry–wet periods concrete, in this study, four (3, 7, 14, 21 days) were selected. The flexure strength, relative dynamic modulus, mas...

In drylands, most studies of extreme precipitation events examine effects individual years or short-term events, yet multiyear periods (>3 y) are expected to have larger impacts on ecosystem dynamics. Our goal was take advantage a sequence multiple long-term (4-y) (dry, wet, average) that occurred naturally within 26-y time frame responses plant species richness rainfall in grasslands and sh...

Ofall amphibians living in arid habitats, reed frogs (belonging to the super species Hyperolius viridiflavus) are the most peculiar. Froglets are able to tolerate dry periods of up to 35 days or longer immediately after metamorphosis, in climatically exposed positions. They face similar problems to estivating juveniles, i.e. enduranee of long periods of high temperature and low RH with rather l...

Studies of conditions over the Tropical Western Pacific (TWP) have found instances of extremely dry air in the middle troposphere (e.g., Parsons et al. 1994; Numaguti et al. 1995; Yoneyama and Fujitani 1995; Mapes and Zuidema 1996). These dry air masses can have a zonal extent of ~1000 km and a width of several hundred kilometers. There is often a strong inversion at the base of the dry air, wh...

Abstract Sowing in dry soil aims to alleviate the effects of water restriction, allowing for an earlier start sowing and maximizing operational productivity use agricultural machinery implements. Thus, objective present work was evaluate physiological quality soybean seed lots submitted different periods deficit after under vegetal cover. The experimental design completely randomized, a 2x5x2 f...

Rumen fill and turnover rates of liquid, grain, and hay in the gastrointestinal tract were measured using rare-earth elements as multiple markers in four rumen fistulated cows during the dry period and throughout lactation. Apparent digestibilities of dry matter, crude protein, neutral-detergent fiber and aciddetergent fiber were also measured. Hay to grain ratios of 82.5:17.5, 45:55, 57:43, an...