Malignant pleural effusion develops frequently in patients with advanced lung cancer. Chemical pleurodesis is the most effective palliative treatment for these patients. The efficacy of pleurodesis using both OK-432, a preparation of Streptococcus pyogenes, and doxorubicin for 20 patients with cytology-proven malignant pleural effusion associated with lung cancer was evaluated. After complete r...

objective the purpose of this study was to assess the frequency of complications of endotracheal intubation (eti) in neonates. methods the newborns that were admitted and needed urgent or semi-urgent intubation were enrolled in this study over a 1 year period. route for intubation in all cases were orotracheal. cases were not routinely sedated or paralyzed. the patients were clinically and radi...

background and purpose: inserting a nasogastric tube, though a common clinical procedure with widespread use for critically ill patients, can produce unexpected complications so that tube misplacement into the lungs is a potential complication with serious consequences. the reliability of common bedside methods to differentiate between pulmonary and gastric placement has not been acceptable. th...

BACKGROUND The lymphatic system controls tissue homeostasis by draining protein-rich lymph to the vascular system. Lymphangiogenesis, the formation of lymphatic vessels, is a normal event in childhood but promotes tumor spread and metastasis during adulthood. Blocking lymphangiogenesis may therefore be of therapeutic interest. Production of adenosine is enhanced in the tumor environment and con...

BACKGROUND To describe one modified method of having machine-independent removal of 5,000 centistokes silicone oil through 23-gauge trocar-cannulas. METHODS Consecutive patients with silicone oil tamponade for more than four months and with complete retinal reattachment were included. Two 23-gauge trocars were used to make sclerotomies while the microcannulas remained in situ for intravitreou...