A green method for the synthesis of high-performance diketopyrrolopyrrole pigments using diethyl succinate in the presence of mixture of ionic liquids is reported. Although, alkaline condition is needed in the succinate ester route for synthesis of the pigments, in the present study, the replacement possibility of conventional organic base by mixture of BMIMOH and BMIMBF4 ionic liquids was inve...

The activities of 4-aminobutyric-2-oxoglutaric acid transaminase (GABA-T) and succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH) were determined in mouse hypothalamus after peripheral injections of cholecystokinin-8 (CCK-X)and/or caerulein (CLN). GABA transaminase activity was measured utilizing endogenous succinate semialdellyde dehydrogenase to convert the product of GAB A-T, succinate semiald...

Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) affects up to 85 % of all pregnancies. Effective treatment can greatly improve a woman's quality of life, reduce the risk for maternal and fetal complications, and reduce healthcare costs. Unfortunately, many women receive either no pharmacological treatment or are recommended therapies for which fetal safety and efficacy have not been established. First-l...

Intranasal route, ensuring suitable bioavailability of medicines under circumvention of the gastrointestinal degradation and hepatic first-pass elimination, has been a popular choice for drug delivery. Among nasal dosage forms, mucoadhesive solid inserts have been shown to resist mucociliary clearance and provide a prolonged nasal residence time. Hence, the purpose of this study was the prepara...

The nausea and vomiting that often accompany early pregnancy may be ameliorated if the patient eats small portions of food at frequent intervals, increases the amount of carbohydrates and decreases the amount of fat, and avoids bothersome food odors. When these strategies fail, antiemetic drugs such as pyridoxine and phosphorated carbohydrate solution may help, as well as doxylamine, promethazi...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) affects 90% of pregnant women and its impact is often underappreciated. Hyperemesis gravidarum, the most severe end of the spectrum, affects 0.5-2% of pregnancies. The pathogenesis of this condition remains obscure and its management has largely been empirical. This review aims to provide an update on advances in pregnancy hyperemesis foc...

The problem of maximizing the performance of the detection of ischemia episodes is a difficult pattern classification problem. The motivation for developing the supervising network self-organizing map (sNet-SOM) model is to exploit this fact for designing computationally effective solutions both for the particular ischemic detection problem and for other applications that share similar characte...