Abstract In On Certainty , Wittgenstein conceives a novel way of dispelling skeptical doubts about our knowledge the external world. He acknowledges that in his attempt to refute skeptic, Moore uncovered epistemologically relevant propositions such as ‘I know this is hand’. But he denies appealing truisms likely succeed refuting skepticism–not because they cannot be doubted, but are not objects...

Expressing doubt and certainty in academic writings requires a cautious use of hedges and boosters. Despite their importance in academic writing, little is known about how they are used in monolingual and bilingual male and female EFL learners’ academic writings. To shed some lights on the issue, the present study investigated the use of hedges and boosters in research articles written by monol...

for many religious people there is a problem of doubting various creedal statements contained in their religions. often propositional beliefs are looked upon as a necessary, though not sufficient, condition, for salvation. this causes great anxiety in doubters and raises the question of the importance of belief in religion and in life in general. it is a question that has been neglected in phil...

Background: The Presence of donor leukocytes in recipients of organ allograft has been shown even several years after transplantation. However, it remains unclear whether this donor cell microchimerism plays an effective role in allograft acceptance or is simply a consequence of immunosuppressive conditions in recipients. Objective: To study microchimerism in a group of kidney transplant recipi...

Pronoun interpretation in English has been demonstrated to be sensitive to an interaction between grammatical and pragmatically-driven factors. This study investigated the interpretation of pronouns in Japanese, which has both null and overt forms. Thirty-two native speakers of Japanese participated in a passage completion experiment with transfer-of-possession contexts, varying prompt type, as...

We can well agree with Mr. Barnett when he says that a book dealing with the legal responsibility of the drunkard from the medical standpoint has been much needed by both the medical and legal professions. The present little book aims at showing how far the alcoholic criminal is responsible and we can say that Mr. Barnett has well succeeded in his aim. No doubt drunkenness is at first a vicious

Providing the solution to the debt and deficit problems of developed economies is too big a task. I doubt it is possible to offer general recipes that can apply to all industrial countries, despite the surprisingly common origins of the deficit problems documented by the Mussa and Masson paper in this conference. For example, while in most countries accumulated social security liabilities repre...

Shelley Feldman: Social Development, Capabilities, and the Contradictions of (Capitalist) Development and David Barkin: Incorporating Indigenous Epistemologies into the Construction of Alternative Strategies to Globalization to Promote Sustainable Regional Resource Management Paul B. Thompson Shelley Feldman draws from a number of authors who have commented on Sen and Nussbaum’s “capabilities a...

the ownership that involves transactions and barters is subject to the validity of the intellectuals and the lawmaker, which is created by hypothetical (i‘tibārī) existence and can somehow be called a hypothetical relation for whose validity the existence of local convention is sufficient; therefore, ownership is neither among the categorical accidents, the existence of whose subjects is necess...