The main sources of environmental pollution with heavy (ecotoxic) metals include industry, including utility and municipal power engineering, but also waste incineration plants. Fuel shortages their constantly growing prices raise concerns that energy will be commonly obtained from outside installations intended for this purpose (i.e., plants). greatest concern stems the risk burning in low-pow...

The use of waste from the regional production wood, paper, and cardboard in form briquettes may be causing an increase local emissions, both major elements trace elements. When burning paper briquettes, more than 70% Mn, Zn, As, Pb is released into air total content fuel. largest amounts are when (56 g/kg fuel); half these wood coal (23 fuel). pursuit alternative uses for those components that ...

Introduction During combustion, the mercury (Hg) in coal is volatilized and converted to elemental mercury (Hg) vapor in the high temperature regions of coal-fired boilers. As the flue gas is cooled, a series of complex reactions begin to convert Hg to ionic mercury (Hg) compounds and/or Hg compounds (Hgp) that are in a solid-phase at flue gas cleaning temperatures or Hg that is adsorbed onto t...

Heat pumps (HP) and electric immersion boilers (EB) have great potential to increase flexibility in energy systems. In parallel, decreasing taxes on electricity-based heat production are creating a more favorable economic environment for the deployment of these units in Denmark. In this paper, the economic value of heat pumps and electric boilers is assessed by simulating their day-to-day marke...

A comprehensive fireside corrosion project was undertaken to better understand the corrosion mechanisms operating on the lower furnace walls and superheaters in modern coal-fired utility boilers. Eight U.S. coals commonly burned in boilers have been selected to represent a wide range of coal chemistry. These coals will be burned in a pilot-scale combustion facility to closely simulate the actua...

Transitioning from predominantly natural gas domestic heating to low carbon is one of the major challenges UK’s net zero decarbonisation pathway. Compact wall-hung combination boilers are dominant appliance and continue be installed as a rate over 1.5 million per year, compared less than 50 k year for Heat Pumps. The disparity persists despite repeated Government support in form Renewable Incen...

This paper focuses on building dynamic mathematical model of biomass boiler of medium energy output (in units of MW) as a controlled system and the use of this model in practice. Model of controlled system will serve especially for research of new ways of industrial biomass boilers control and will provide a device for the optimisation of existing control systems. At first, area of automatic co...