Spinally transected rats given leg shock whenever one hindlimb is extended learn to maintain the leg in a flexed position, which minimizes net shock exposure. Yoked rats, that receive an equal amount of shock independent of leg position (noncontingent shock), do not exhibit an increase in flexion duration. Yoked rats also fail to learn when response contingent shock is applied to the previously...

Anion gap, anion gap corrected for serum albumin, and base deficit are often used as surrogates for measuring serum lactate. None of these surrogates is postulated to predict hyperlactatemia in the critically ill. We prospectively collected data from September 2004 through August 2005 for 1381 consecutive admissions. Patients with renal disease, ketoacidosis, or toxic ingestion were excluded. A...

Cover Page Footnote: Acknowledgments. I am grateful to the Guajá people their patience, cooperation, and hospitality during my stay with them. Financial support was received from the Fulbright grant and a small conservation grant from the American Society of Primatologists. I would also like to thank the FUNAI (Fundação Nacional do Índio), the CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Tecnológ...

Individuals learning together do so less effectively than individuals learning alone, an effect known as the collaborative encoding deficit (Barber, Rajaram, & Aron, 2010). In the present studies we examined whether providing participants with a warning about the collaborative encoding deficit would increase their encoding task performance, and reduce subsequent memory deficits. Across two expe...

Dorothea Orem, RN, MSN, Ed, FAAN, began to develop foundations for the selfcare deficit theory of nursing in the 1950s, when the curriculums of most nursing education programs were based on conceptual models from medicine, psychology, and sociology. Thus, Orem is a pioneer in the development of distinctive nursing knowledge. The development of the self-care deficit theory of nursing has been de...

Impairments on both delayed-response and auditory-discrimination tasks have been reported to follow lateral frontal cortical lesions in monkeys. The present study is primarily concerned with the relationship of these two deficits. Three monkeys received ablations of sulcus principalis; three received ablations of lateral frontal cortex excluding sulcus principalis. Acquisition and retention of ...

O Transtorno de Déficit Atenção e Hiperatividade (TDAH) é uma doença mental reconhecida há muito tempo que afeta a capacidade funcionamento das crianças. Esta condição caracterizada por padrões desenvolvimento inadequados desatenção, hiperatividade impulsividade Foram entrevistados 52 foram convidados responderem o questionário foi composto 10 perguntas acerca do diagnóstico TDAH, respondido ma...