This study investigates the effect of the purified membrane pore formers, staphylococcal alpha-toxin and CTL perforin, on target cell lysis as measured by 51Cr release and on nuclear damage as measured by DNA degradation and 125IUdR release. Both pore formers cause dose-dependent cell lysis, which is accompanied by DNA release. The ratio of DNA/Cr release depends on the nature of target cell an...

OBJECTIVE Mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) is normally bound to and remains associated with mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) when released from damaged cells. We hypothesized that TFAM, bound to mtDNA (or equivalent CpG-enriched DNA), amplifies TNFα release from TLR9-expressing plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) by engaging RAGE. MATERIALS AND METHODS Murine Flt3 ligand-expanded splenocy...

The appropriate location and release of target gene is necessary for gene therapy. In our previous paper, a gene vector named P123-PEI-R13 has been successfully synthesized, and the physical characteristics and cellular trafficking of nanoparticle P123-PEI-R13/DNA has been explored explicitly, but little was known about its disassembly within cells. In order to investigate its intracellular dis...

In this work, we illustrate a simple chelation-based strategy to trigger DNA release from DNA-incorporated multilayer films, which were fabricated through the layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly of DNA and inorganic zirconium (IV) ion (Zr(4+)). After being incubated in several kinds of chelator solutions, the DNA multilayer films disassembled and released the incorporated DNA. This was most probably ...

conclusions eudragit coated nanoparticle of chitosan is an efficient choice for oral delivery of dna to upper part of gi tract. results the mean size and zeta potential of particles were 300 ± 4 nm and 14 ± 0.5 mv, respectively. encapsulation of this system was 89.6 ± 1.2%. dna release from batches was less than 12% at ph = 5.2 and more than 60% at ph = 6.8 with significant difference of p < 0....

Here we demonstrate the rational design of a new class of DNA-based nanoswitches which are allosterically regulated by specific biological targets, antibodies and transcription factors, and are able to load and release a molecular cargo (i.e. doxorubicin) in a controlled fashion. In our first model system we rationally designed a stem-loop DNA-nanoswitch that adopts two mutually exclusive confo...

The rapid breakdown of target cell DNA during CTL-mediated lysis has been difficult to explain by the granule exocytosis model of cytotoxicity. The involvement of CTL granule proteases in this process was strongly suggested by experiments in which CTL were pretreated with the serine protease inhibitor PMSF, in combination with agents that raise the pH of acidic intracellular compartments. While...

the aim of this study was to develop a derivative of chitosan as pharmaceutical excipient used in sustained-release matrix tablets of poorly soluble drugs. a water-soluble quaternary ammonium carboxymethylchitosan was synthesized by a two-step reaction with carboxymethylchitosan (cmcts), decylalkyl dimethyl ammonium and epichlorohydrin. the elemental analysis showed that the target product with...