South African trade policy has exerted a major influence on the composition and aggregate growth of trade. In the Apartheid period, trade protection seriously impeded both exports and imports, and the economy depended on favorable global commodity price trends to avoid running into an external constraint. South Africa developed a comparative advantage in capital-intensive primary and manufactur...

Stanley, Dannie M. Ph.D., Purdue University, December 2013. Improved Kernel Security Through Code Validation, Diversification, and Minimization. Major Professors: Eugene H. Spafford and Dongyan Xu. The vast majority of hosts on the Internet, including mobile clients, are running one of three commodity, general-purpose operating system families. In such operating systems the kernel software exec...

Developmental plans of the country emphasize on the exports-focused growth strategy, and export diversification is one of the most appropriate policies in this area. Export diversification moves from primary goods to industrial goods. Yet, export diversification, according to the principles of international trade, must be based on comparative advantage until to change value-added. Changes in th...

the focal objective of this study is to analyze and explore the co-movement of pakistan stock market (kse-100) with the stock market of developed countries (us, uk, canada, australia, germany, japan, france and neither land) which have portfolio investment in pakistan by applying co-integration approach using johansen and juselius multivariate and bi variate co-integration. secondary data of st...

Using a structural VAR with block exogeneity, diagonality and identifying restrictions, this paper analyzes: first, the macroeconomic linkages among the oil price, U.S. output, interest rate, money supply, general price level and exchange rate and second, the relationships of the macroeconomic variables with the price indices of ten international nonfuel commodity groups. By assuming the block ...

Abstract We study a new kind of nonzero-sum stochastic differential game with mixed impulse/switching controls, motivated by strategic competition in commodity markets. A representative upstream firm produces that is used downstream to produce final consumption good. Both firms can influence the price commodity. By shutting down or increasing generation capacities, influences impulses. switchin...

Objective –This study intends to examine the relationship between investment efficiency and financial information excellence. The study is also examining the moderating impact of sustainability on the relation between excellence in financial information and investment productivity. Methodology –The cumulative measurements are 668 firm-years and are made up of 257 subsamples of underinvestment a...

The study aimed at identifying factors which Tanzania can consider to improve its Cross-border e-commerce performance by reflecting on China’s experience. A systematic literature review methodology was applied, whereby 30 papers that have focused analyzing influential of from 2010 2023 were assessed. results revealed that: Trade logistics and infrastructures, Government policies support, Use bi...

Since China has been Iran's most important trading partner in recent years, the present study has attempted to investigate the effect of bilateral real exchange rate fluctuations on the trade relationship between Iran and China during the period 1992-2017. To investigate this relationship, the business data in the export and import sectors were divided into 15 major commodity segments, and the ...

abstract in the past few years, diversification has turned into a highly controversial issue amongst numerous managers in almost each and every business. it is contended by many that diversification is vitally important and highly effective especially when it comes to evaluating the financial performance. there are several studies about the relationship between diversification and financial per...