An account is presented of the work done in the USSR on the generation of thermal plasma, plasma melting, and plasma jet processes. The various methods of plasma generation are reviewed, such as arc plasma generators and high frequency (HF) plasma generators including HF-induction plasmatrons, HF-capacity plasmatrons and HF-flame plasmatrons. Plasma melting techniques covered include plasma-arc...

Sex-biased dispersal occurs in all seed plants and many animal species. Theoretical models have shown that sex-biased dispersal can lead to evolutionarily stable biased sex ratios. Here, we use a spatially explicit chessboard model to simulate the evolution of sex ratio in response to sex-biased dispersal range and sex-biased dispersal rate. Two life cycles are represented in the model: one in ...

BACKGROUND Many dyes can be considered emerging contaminants. The most widely used dyes belong to the class of azo compounds, some of which are known to have toxic and genotoxic properties. They are used in great quantities in textile activities and are of environmental concern because of their potential discharge in water. Planarians have been successfully used as test organisms in hazard eval...

R. Tittler ([email protected]) and L. Fahrig, Geomatics and Landscape Ecology Research Laboratory, Ottawa-Carleton Inst. of Biology, Carleton Univ., Ottawa, ON, K1S 5B6, Canada. (Present address of R. T.: Centre d’étude de la forêt, Dépt des sciences biologiques, Univ. de Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada.) M.-A. Villard, Chaire de recherche du Canada en conservation des paysage...

The challenge of analyzing dispersal in the seascape The exchange of individuals among populations through dispersal, or population connectivity, can profoundly influence the abundance and persistence of local populations (Simberloff and Wilson 1969). Population connectivity is influenced by environmental factors such as mountains, rivers, and habitat corridors that mediate the movement of orga...

The success or failure of many organisms to respond to the challenges of habitat destruction and a warming climate lies in the ability of plant species to disperse between isolated habitats or to migrate to new ranges. European semi-natural grasslands represent one of the world’s most species-rich habitats at small scales, but agricultural intensification during the 20th century has meant that ...

the importance of environmental protection in modern communities is vital, the action and implementation of any program requires the sufficient knowledge and understanding of environment. one of the methods to preserve natural resources and achieving sustainable development, especially sustainable agriculture, is the environmentally evaluation of agriculture production processes. life cycle ass...