Warfarin sodium is one of the most commonly prescribed oral anticoagulants, It has been proven to be an effective agent in the prophylaxis of thromboembolic disease and fatal pulmonary embolism in total joint arthroplasty and emergency hip fracture surgery. A rare, undesirable side effect of warfarin is skin necrosis. The authors present a case of skin necrosis after use of warfarin for prophyl...

BACKGROUND Until recently, cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection represented a major threat to lung transplant recipients. Preliminary studies have shown that antiviral prophylaxis might improve the outcome for these patients. METHODS We extended our initial pilot trial of prolonged prophylaxis with either oral ganciclovir (1 g 3 times per day) or valganciclovir (450 mg twice per day). The trial in...

BACKGROUND Parastomal hernia (PSH) is common after stoma formation. Studies have reported that mesh prophylaxis reduces PSH, but there are no cost-effectiveness data. Our objective was to determine the cost effectiveness of mesh prophylaxis vs no prophylaxis to prevent PSH in patients undergoing abdominoperineal resection with permanent colostomy for rectal cancer. STUDY DESIGN Using a cohort...

Introduction: The most effective agent for prophylaxis against venous thromboembolic disease (VTE) following total joint arthroplasty (TJA) remains unknown. The paucity of literature comparing the different methods of pulmonary embolus (PE) prophylaxis and fear of litigation make it difficult for surgeons to abandon the use of aggressive chemical prophylaxis. The purpose of our study is to comp...

BACKGROUND Following abdominal solid organ transplant (aSOT), valganciclovir (VGC) is recommended for cytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis. This agent is associated with efficacy concerns, toxicity, and emergence of ganciclovir resistance. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the incidence of high-dose acyclovir (HD-A) prophylaxis failure in seropositive aSOT recipients (R+). METHODS This was a retrospective...

hold contacts of a patient had a relative risk of infection 750 times that of other people in the health district (1 94/0 0026). Possibly the rate of secondary attack would have been higher still without prophylaxis. Possibly, too, prophylaxis did not reduce rates of attack but merely delayed the onset of secondary cases in the family; the three patients whose families received "complete" proph...

Giving cytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis to CMV positive recipients is expensive in a resource-limited setting like South Africa. We report a retrospective analysis of CMV disease in 47 CMV donor/recipient positive (D+/R+) adult renal transplant patients (> 80% African Blacks) from February 2000 to November 2004 who had received four drug induction immune suppression. We commenced routine valga...

context crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever (cchf) is a fatal viral disease which has 30% to 80% mortality rate. in endemic areas, livestock handlers, skin processors, veterinary staff, livestock market employees, farmers, and health care staff are at risk. diagnosis is made based on clinical manifestations, epidemiologic factors, and laboratory tests. here, we reviewed the epidemiology, clinical m...

OBJECTIVE To examine published evidence regarding duration of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis administered to pregnant women colonized with group B Streptococcus (GBS) to reduce infant colonization with GBS and to prevent early-onset GBS sepsis. DATA SOURCES A search was conducted in The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (The Cochrane Library, Issue 1, 2006), MEDLINE (1966 to ...