Palladium-catalyzed 1,4-migration associated with direct arylation is a new tool for C–H bond functionalization.

Power module design is needed for high system performance and reliability, especially in terms of high efficiency and high power density. Low parasitic impedance and thermal management is desired for the lower power loss and device stress. For power module with high efficiency and improved breakdown voltage, this thesis proposes a novel series-connected power MOSFETs module. Three IRF7832 MOSFE...

OBJECTIVE To compare shear bond strength of different direct bonding techniques of orthodontic brackets to acrylic resin surfaces. METHODS The sample comprised 64 discs of chemically activated acrylic resin (CAAR) randomly divided into four groups: discs in group 1 were bonded by means of light-cured composite resin (conventional adhesive); discs in group 2 had surfaces roughened with a diamo...

Direct catalytic insertion of carbon monoxide in chemicals poses the challenge controlling both ?-bond activation and subsequent carbonylation.

statement of problem: recently, it has been proposed that different adhesive materials can be used for direct pulp capping. previous studies have demonstrated that multi steps dentin adhesives could form reparative dentin similar to calcium hydroxide (ch). purpose: the aim of this study was to evaluate the histological pulp response of ninety mechanically exposed cat pulps to two adhesive resin...

The complex H2SO4-H2O has been observed by rotational spectroscopy in a supersonic jet. A-type spectra for 18 isotopic forms have been analyzed, and the vibrationally averaged structure of the system has been determined. The complex forms a distorted, six-membered ring with the water unit acting as both a hydrogen bond donor and a hydrogen bond acceptor toward the sulfuric acid. One of the H2SO...

We have determined the hydrogen-bond geometry in liquid water from 0 to 80 degrees C by combining measurements of the proton magnetic shielding tensor with ab initio density functional calculations. The resulting moments of the distributions of hydrogen-bond length and angle are direct measures of thermal disorder in the hydrogen-bond network. These moments, and the distribution functions that ...

Carbon-halogen (C-X) bonds are amongst the most fundamental groups in organic synthesis, they are frequently and widely employed in the synthesis of numerous organic products. The generation of a C-X bond, therefore, constitutes an issue of universal interest. Herein, the research advances on the copper-catalyzed and mediated C-X (X = F, Cl, Br, I) bond formation via direct C-H bond transformat...