Among three biologically active substrates of angiotensin-converting enzyme, enzyme-binding affinities increase and chloride ion rate enhancements decrease in the following order: angiotensin I (Asp-Arg-Val-TyrIle-His-Pro-Phe-His-Leu), bradykinin (Arg-Pro-ProGly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg), bradykinin-potentiating peptide 5, (<Glu-Lys-Trp-Ala-Pro). Qualitatively simil a r properties are observed among...

Two muramyl dipeptides, N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine and its adjuvant-inactive isomer N-acetylmuramyl-D-alanyl-D-isoglutamine, were examined for their ability to protect mice carrying the CBA/N immune deficiency gene (xid) against lethal bacterial challenge. Prophylactic treatment with N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-d-isoglutamine gave significant protection against Streptococcus pneumonia...

BACKGROUND Biuret assays for total protein measurement are considered to react with all peptides longer than 2 residues. Some studies using biuret assays of urine suggest that small peptides generally are more abundant than proteins in urine, but it is not clear whether this is a problem of assay specificity. METHODS We analyzed the specificity and kinetics of a biuret reaction for solutions ...

The dipeptides Ala-Trp, Val-Phe, and Val-Tyr inhibit the angiotensin-I-converting enzyme. They are encrypted within the primary sequences of different food proteins, e.g. milk proteins. The angiotensin-I-converting enzyme inhibitory potency of these synthetic dipeptides was quantified using a spectrophotometric assay. The dipeptides showed no adverse effects on differentiated Caco-2 cells (mode...

Escherichia coli exhibits chemotactic responses to sugars, amino acids, and dipeptides, and the responses are mediated by methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCPs). Using capillary assays, we demonstrated that Escherichia coli RP437 is attracted to the pyrimidines thymine and uracil and the response was constitutively expressed under all tested growth conditions. All MCP mutants lacking the M...

Hexanucleotide repeat expansions in C9orf72 are the most common inherited cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). The expansions elicit toxicity in part through repeat-associated non-AUG (RAN) translation of the intronic (GGGGCC)n sequence into dipeptide repeat-containing proteins (DPRs). Little is known, however, about the structural characteristics and ...

Dipeptides have emerged as attractive building blocks for supramolecular materials thanks to their low-cost, inherent biocompatibility, ease of preparation, and environmental friendliness they do not persist in the environment. In particular, hydrophobic amino acids are ideal candidates self-assembly polar green solvents, a certain level hydrophobicity is required favor aggregation reduce pepti...

Among three biologically active substrates of angiotensin-converting enzyme, enzyme-binding affinities increase and chloride ion rate enhancements decrease in the following order: angiotensin I (Asp-Arg-Val-TyrIle-His-Pro-Phe-His-Leu), bradykinin (Arg-Pro-ProGly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg), bradykinin-potentiating peptide 5, (<Glu-Lys-Trp-Ala-Pro). Qualitatively simil a r properties are observed among...

1. The effect of peptides containing leucine and glycine on accumulation of leucine and glycine by everted jejunal rings was studied. 2. It was shown that, on a molar basis, leucyl-leucine is a more effective inhibitor of uptake of [(14)C]leucine than is either leucylglycine or glycyl-leucine. These latter dipeptides behave alike. 3. The concentration of the dipeptides and their constituent ami...