an experiment was conducted to determine the dietary digestible lysine requirement of male and female broiler chickens (arian) during the period from 6 to 21 days post-hatching. an amino acid-fortified basal diet containing corn and soybean meal as intact protein sources provided 20 % cp, and 3200 kcal amen / kg. in this experiment 150 male and 150 female chicks were allocated on the basis of b...

There is a distinct possibility that phytate negatively influences protein and energy utilisation in poultry and, as these influences would be ameliorated by phytase, there are substantial, practical implications. Despite several thousand scientific papers and a rapidly growing market the use of phytase and the importance of phytate in practical poultry nutrition remains an area of some confusi...

Abstract. Information on forage quality in phenological stage could help range managers to choose suitable grazing method to achieve higher animal performance without detriment to vegetation. Vetiver grass (Vetiveria zizanioides) is a non-native perennial grass that was introduced to the Iran in 2008. This plant is a multi use species that could be considered from different viewpoints. Thus, it...

The Maillard reaction can occur during the production of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) as a result of the addition of condensed solubles to the wet distillers cake during drying. The Maillard reaction can lead to the formation of unavailable or unreactive lysine as a result of binding of reducing sugars to the epsilon-NH(2) group of Lys. The Lys that remains unbound is called rea...

The objective of this study was to determine the true digestible P requirement of 40- to 60-kg (Exp. 1) and 60- to 80-kg (Exp. 2) pigs by broken-line analysis of growth performance data using 6 levels of true digestible P. In each 3-wk experiment, 108 barrows and gilts were used, and 6 levels of monocalcium phosphate were added to a corn-soybean meal-based diet to establish 6 graded levels of t...

introduction protein is an essential constituent of all tissues of animal body and has major effect on growth performance of the bird. a better understanding of the nutritional requirements of amino acids allows a more precise nutrition, offering the possibility for the formulator to optimize the requirement of at least minimum levels of crude protein by essential amino acids requirements, gene...

High corn and soybean meal prices, and in some cases, reduced availability, are causing nutritionists to use more by-products and co-products than ever before in order to minimize diet costs. The three most common by-products being used in swine diets are DDGS, wheat midds, and bakery by-product. Managing nutrient variability among by-product sources is the primary challenge to obtaining accura...

Biodegradable and edible electronics will need electronic components for signal modulation wireless communication; hence, non-linear high frequency be required. Here, a method to fabricate nanodiodes on isomalt (a sugar substitute) substrates is reported. Coplanar electrodes of Al Au with nanogap separation were fabricated top through design an adhesion lithography process specifically accommod...