PURPOSE To examine the brain damage of solvent abusers in Japan, where pure industrial toluene is frequently abused. METHODS Twenty solvent abusers 17 to 33 years of age with 7.2 +/- 4.0 years of abuse were examined with a 1.5-T MR imaging system. RESULTS White matter hyperintensities in cerebrum, brain stem, and cerebellum on T2-weighted images were found in seven cases. The extent of whit...

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disorder involving multiple organs. One of the main sites of SLE morbidity is the central nervous system (CNS), specifically the brain. In this article we review several imaging modalities used for CNS examination in SLE patients. These modalities are categorized as morphological and functional. Special attention is given to magnetic re...

Diffusion acquisition parameters for imaging the upper abdomen Breath-hold or free breathing or respiratory triggered (using a navigator echo) SS EPI DWI sequence can be acquired before contrast injection, with the suggested following parameters: axial or coronal acquisition, fat suppression, tridirectional gradients using the following b-values: 0 (used as reference), 50 (black-blood sequence-...

BACKGROUND Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor encephalitis is a severe autoimmune disorder characterized by severe psychiatric symptoms, seizures, decreased consciousness, autonomic dysregulation, and dyskinesias. Multifocal subcortical white matter lesions on fluid-attenuated inversion recovery and diffuse weighted images have rarely been reported in previous literature, and serial magnetic re...

OBJECTIVE The most common finding on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain in preterm infants at term-equivalent age is diffuse excessive high signal intensity (DEHSI) in the white matter. It is unclear whether DEHSI represents a biological abnormality. This study used diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) to compare apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values in DEHSI with infants with norm...

Infantile hepatic hemangioendothelioma (IHH) is the most common vascular tumor of the liver in infancy. Adult with IHH is extremely rare. We presented a diffuse IHH in an adult patient with computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance image (MRI) findings.A 39-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of a 2-year history of abnormal liver function tests and a 7-day history of jaundic...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) accounts for a significant portion of primary intra-axial lesions in cases of traumatic brain injury. The goal of this study was to use diffusion-weighted MR imaging to characterize DAI in the setting of acute and subacute traumatic brain injury. METHODS Nine patients ranging in age from 26 to 78 years were examined with conventional MR imagi...

We report imaging findings of a 64-year-old male patient with a ruptured epidermoid cyst (EC) known to be constant over the 23-year follow-up and showing malignant transformation to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings including diffusion weighted imaging (DWI), 1H+MR spectroscopy (MRS), dynamic susceptibility contrast perfusion (...

Background and Purpose It is unclear why only some patients with lacunar infarction and radiological evidence of diffuse white matter abnormalities have dementia. The purpose of this study is to investigate the value of callosal atrophy as an indicator of cognitive impairment. Methods We used magnetic resonance imaging to evaluate 11 right-handed male patients with lacunar infarction and extens...

A 3-month-old boy presented with critically elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) due to bilateral subdural hematomas, which resulted in diffuse cortical laminar necrosis, manifesting as a 1-week history of appetite loss, fever, and intermittent seizure. Initial computed tomography revealed bilateral subdural fluid collections. Burr hole drainage was carried out to control the ICP. T(1)-weighted...