Blocking is a frequent component of treatments for elopement. Unfortunately, blocking may not always be feasible because elopement often occurs when supervision is low or the behavior cannot be prevented. The present study evaluated the use of blocking in the treatment of elopement by using differential reinforcement of other behavior with and without blocking. In this case, results suggested t...

Treatment packages including differential reinforcement of alternative (DRA) behavior and escape prevention in the form of a non-removal of the spoon procedure have been shown to successfully increase food consumption. However, when these treatment components are introduced simultaneously, the treatment component(s) responsible for behavior change cannot be determined. The purpose of this study...

Functional analysis of low-rate aggression was conducted during extended observation periods and showed behavior to be maintained by positive reinforcement. Treatment consisted of variable-momentary differential reinforcement of other behavior and was successful in reducing problem behavior throughout these extended observation periods.

This study assessed children's and caregivers' preferences for various arrangements of negative reinforcement, including differential reinforcement an alternative behavior (DNRA), noncontingent escape (NCE), extinction. In the first treatment comparison, DNRA NCE treatments similarly decreased problem behavior, but all 3 children preferred DNRA. By contrast, 4 caregivers extinction, likely due ...