1998 marked the last full year of operation with the A1200 fragment separator as part of the high-energy beam line system. Logs of this year show 80 beamline tunes of primary beam and 40 secondary beams, but not all such tunes were considered interesting enough to record. A one-word description of these activities is “routine”. What follows is a brief history of what was done to achieve routine...

There have been important changes in the United Kingdom’s (UK) fertility and immigration in the past decade, with a large share contributed by migrants from Poland. A detailed understanding of Polish migrant fertility is lacking, however, because the relevant data are not routinely collected. This paper provides new insights into the fertility patterns of Polish migrants in the UK, and compares...

Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) are commonly used to provide secure connectivity over public networks. VPNs use tunnels to provide encryption, compression, and authentication functions, which are identically applied to every packet passing through them. However, this behavior may be overly rigid in many situations where the applications require different functions to be applied to different par...

We present 9 new tunes of the p?-ordered shower and underlying-event model in PYTHIA 6.4. These ‘‘Perugia’’ tunes update and supersede the older ‘‘S0’’ family. The data sets used to constrain the models include hadronic Z decays at LEP, Tevatron min-bias data at 630, 1800, and 1960 GeV, Tevatron DrellYan data at 1800 and 1960 GeV, and SPS min-bias data at 200, 546, and 900 GeV. In addition to t...