This study was conducted to simultaneously investigate the spatial and temporal dynamics of diatom communities inhabiting two microhabitat types (Sphagnum periphyton and epipelon) in a peatland area of the Czech Republic. The changes in diatom community structure and corresponding diversity indices at both large (i.e., variation between sites) and small (i.e., variation between two microhabitat...

In the world's oceans, even relatively low oxygen levels inhibit anaerobic nitrogen cycling by free-living microbes. Sinking organic aggregates, however, might provide oxygen-depleted microbial hotspots in otherwise oxygenated surface waters. Here, we show that sinking diatom aggregates can host anaerobic nitrogen cycling at ambient oxygen levels well above the hypoxic threshold. Aggregates wer...

Coherent control of bimolecular reactions is demonstrated for 3D atom-diatom reactive scattering. In particular, a superposition of initial degenerate syjkd diatomic states is used to control reactive integral and differential cross sections in D 1 H2syjkd ! H 1 HD, where y and j are the vibrational and rotational quantum numbers of a diatom and k is the projection quantum number of the diatom ...

The response of the Baltic diatom Cyclotella meneghiniana to iron deficiency was examined. The following growth parameters were measured: cell number, chlorophyll a and protein content. The results demonstrate the ability of this diatom to grow well with minimal iron availability; however, the rate of growth fell markedly at the lowest iron(III) concentration. The results of spectrophotometric ...

Diatoms are single-celled algaes that make photonic-crystal-like silica shells or frustules with hierarchical micro- & nano-scale features consisting of two-dimensional periodic pores. This article reports the use of diatom frustules as an integration platform to enhance localized surface plasmon resonances of self-assembled silver nanoparticles (NPs) on the surface of diatom frustules. Theoret...

Eutrophication and acidification are among the major stressors on freshwater ecosystems in northern Europe and North America, but possible consequences of interactions between pH and nutrients on ecological status assessment and species richness patterns have not previously been assessed. Using data from 52 river sites throughout Norway, we investigated the combined effects of pH and nutrients ...

Figure 1. Diatoms in cytologic samples of Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris) in A, C, D, F, G, J–L, bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) in B, E, I, and a seahorse (Hippocampus erectus) in H. Wright–Giemsa stain.9100 objective (except F;920). (A) naviculoid benthic diatom; skin contamination of urine sediment; wet mount. (B) Nitzschia sp.; gastric fluid direct smear. (C) Navi...

Ecologically-relevant marine diatoms produce a plethora of bioactive oxylipins deriving from fatty acid oxidation, including aldehydes, hydroxy-fatty acids, epoxy-hydroxy-fatty acids, and oxo-acids. These secondary metabolites have been related to the negative effect of diatoms on copepod reproduction, causing low hatching success and teratogenesis in the offspring during periods of intense dia...

Prediction method for large diatom appearance in winter with meteorological data and MODIS derived turbidity and chlorophyll-a in Ariake Bay Area in Japan is proposed. Mechanism for large diatom appearance in winter is discussed with the influencing factors, meteorological condition and in-situ data of turbidity, chlorophyll-a data with the measuring instruments equipped at the Saga University ...

Diatom profiles in closed-basin lake sediments are commonly used to reconstruct climate change based on the observed correlations between salinity (ionic concentration) and modern diatom assemblages. Diatom assemblages are strongly correlated not only with salinity but also anion composition, with certain taxa characteristic of carbonate systems and others sulfate-dominated waters. Although str...