During the course of an investigation of the components involved in the electron transport pathway in Pseudomonas $uorescens (1)) the problem arose as to the nature of the carriers mediating the transfer of electrons between the diaphorase and bacterial cytochrome c. Mahler and Elowe (2) have reported the involvement of iron as a component of the DPNH’ cytochrome c reductase from pig heart. Rem...

The present study was designed to examine the role of nitric oxide (NO) in quinolinic acid (QUIN)-induced depletion of rat striatal nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) diaphorase and enkephalinergic neurons. Intrastriatal injection of QUIN produced a dose-dependent decrease in NADPH diaphorase and enkephalin positive cells, with cell loss being evident following the injection of...

We used NADPH-diaphorase staining to study effects of magnesium pre-treatment during long-lasting hypoxia on the brain structure of rats. NADPH-diaphorase is an enzyme co-localized in neurons with NO-synthase that is responsible for NO synthesis. NO participates in hypoxic-ischaemic injury of the brain. Hypoxia was induced in consecutive days from the 2nd till the 11th day of postnatal life in ...

The purpose of this study was to analyze the neuronal density of the myenteric plexus of the intermediate and antimesocolic regions of the descending colon of rats. Whole-mounts were stained with three different techniques of neuronal evidenciation. Through counts of the number of neurons in an area of 6.64 mm under light microscopy, we found 1,271 +/- 227.54 neurons with Giemsa in the intermed...

In the rat spinal cord, we found substantial co-existence of fibroblast growth factor-2, fibroblast growth factor receptor (type-1 or flg) immunoreactivity and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH)-diaphorase activity (a histochemical marker for neuronal nitric oxide synthase) in preganglionic autonomic cell groups of intermediate layers VI, VII and X. Anti-fibroblast grow...

Soluble extracts of Escherichia coli contain four NADPH:paraquat diaphorases that were separable by anion-exchange HPLC over Mono Q. One of these was induced when the cells were exposed to paraquat. This was the case in a soxRS-competent strain but not in a soxRS-null strain, while a soxRS-constitutive strain overexpressed this diaphorase without the stimulus of exposure to paraquat. This NADPH...

Neurons in the human striatum have been divided into five or seven different types, respectively. To further characterize these interneurons, we investigated the putamen of five brains by means of NADPH-diaphorase staining and compared our results to previous classifications in man. The NADPH-diaphorase method is selective for nitric oxide synthase (NOS); in the human striatum, predominantly in...

Nitric oxide serves as a messenger molecule in some neuronal systems that use glutamate as a transmitter and it has been shown that glutamate mediates the transmission of photic signals by retinal ganglion cell axons terminating in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus, site of the circadian pacemaker in rodents. Recent experiments have demonstrated that pharmacological treatments which bloc...

PURPOSE To investigate the effect of ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) on retinal ganglion cell (RGC) survival and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) expression in the retina during the early phase of optic nerve (ON) injury, and to examine whether intraperitoneal application of the NOS scavenger nitro-l-arginine (l-NA) could protect the injured RGCs. ME...

Chorismate synthase was isolated from Neurospora crassa by diethylaminoethylcellulose chromatography, and two peaks of activity were obtained. The enzyme in the first peak had a sedimentation coefficient of ~10 S and appeared to be an unstable, larger molecular form of the enzyme in the second peak, which was -8 S. Both forms of the enzyme required TPNH for activity, and the reactions catalyzed...