Mariangela Ardinghelli (1730-1825) is remembered as the Italian translator of two texts by the Newtonian physiologist Stephen Hales, Haemastaticks and Vegetable Staticks. This essay shows that her role in the Republic of Letters was by no means limited to such work. At a time of increasing interest in the natural history of the areas around Naples, she became a reliable cultural mediator for Fr...

BACKGROUND The authors tested hypotheses that more noxious family environments are associated with poorer adult and child oral health. METHODS A community sample of married or cohabiting couples (N = 135) and their elementary school-aged children participated. Dental hygienists determined the number of decayed, missing and filled surfaces via oral examination. Subjective oral health impacts w...

it is obvious that literature means prose and poetry and makes no difference either by arabs or non – arabs. but symbolism in the arabic concept has emerged since the emergence of the dark era’s literature and is loaned from the specific characteristics of dark era’s lives and is based on two elements: brevity and indirect speech. since the symbolism has emerged like a literary school generally...

Material punishment has been suggested to play a key role in sustaining human cooperation. Experimental findings, however, show that inflicting mere material costs does not always increase cooperation and may even have detrimental effects. Indeed, ethnographic evidence suggests that the most typical punishing strategies in human ecologies (e.g., gossip, derision, blame and criticism) naturally ...

Amidst a whole range of criticism and derision that laughter has received down the ages, question still lingers: why “One daren’t even laugh any more”? The comic, according to Aristotle, is associated with ridiculous or ugly. It constitutes deformity an error leans towards something which mean. comedy, on other hand, form low art consisting what base inferior. This view comic comedy largely bee...

This paper will give an in-depth discussion of Jesus’ expression “I am Alpha and Omega” (Apocalypse of John = Revelation 1.8) and its influence on the Manichaean writings, on the one hand, and the reason for the division of Mani’s Living Gospel into twenty-two chapters, corresponding to the twenty-two letters of the Manichaean alphabet, on the other. The pape...

Literature and culture are two inseparable issues. When we talk about the culture, the literature can also appear unconsciously, because the culture is composed of thoughts, feelings and emotions and the styles and personal ways of society, which as a general rule, can appear in terms of principles and respectful rules. The literature on the other hand, discloses and transmits these concepts to...

cosmopolitanism, romantic movement, the development and extension of literature through communication devices and advancement of publishing technology were the sources of emergence of comparative literature.the present article studies the attempts of arab literary men in this field after it was introduced into arabic literature.