Flourosis is the result of fluoride rearranging the crystalline structure of a tooth's enamel as it is still growing. It is evidence of fluoride's potency and ability to cause physiologic changes within the body and raises concerns about similar damage that may be occurring in the bones. Fluoride causes dental fluorosis by damaging the enamel-forming cells, called ameloblasts. The damage to the...

Objective. To explore the distribution of ER RsaI genotype in children who lived in the areas with or without high fluoride in drinking water, and investigate the relationship between ER gene RsaI polymorphisms and children’s dental fluorosis. Methods. We conducted a case-control study among children aged 8 to 12 years old with (n=74) or without (n = 163) dental fluorosis in two counties in Hen...

Objective: To identify adolescents' self-perception of dental fluorosis from two areas with different socioeconomic levels. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted with 15-year-old youths by applying a questionnaire designed and validated to assess self-perceptions of dental fluorosis in two areas with different socioeconomic statuses (SESs). Fluorosis was clinically evaluat...

Two cases are presented which exhibit classical dental fluorosis in the permanent dentition which is most logically explained by the excessive intake of fluoride. The cases emphasize the narrow therapeutic range of systemic fluorides in children and the need for analyzing samples of local drinking water before caries-preventive fluoride therapy can be initiated. The potential for induction of f...

OBJECTIVE Very few studies have examined the relationship between timing of fluoride intake and development of dental fluorosis on late-erupting permanent teeth using period-specific fluoride intake information. This study examined this relationship using longitudinal fluoride intake information from the Iowa Fluoride Study. METHODS Participants' fluoride exposure and intake (birth to 10 year...

Data on coal-burning endemic fluorosis throughout China and on the exposure-response relationship between concentrations of fluoride determined in coal samples and the prevalence of dental fluorosis reported from 17 representative surveillance stations in Southwest China were used to estimate the safety threshold for coal fluoride. Coal-burning endemic fluorosis occurs mainly in the mountainous...

Analogous to the neurotoxicity markers of the Kayser-Fleischer ring in the cornea in Wilson’s disease and the Burton line in the gums in chronic lead poisoning, the finding in several studies of a significant relationship between dental fluorosis and cognitive impairment indicates that dental fluorosis can be regarded as a marker for fluoride-induced cognitive impairment. As noted by Xiang et a...

CONTEXT Fluorosis is controlled by the duration of fluoride exposure and calcium and Vitamin D nutrition status. AIM To examine (a) prevalence of dental and skeletal fluorosis in adolescents from upper, middle, and lower socioeconomic strata (SES) and (b) association of fluorosis with calcium intake and Vitamin D status. SETTINGS AND DESIGN A cross-sectional study conducted in 10-13.9 years...

OBJECTIVE To explore the association between fluoride in drinking water and the prevalence and severity of fluorosis and dental caries in children living in communities receiving fluoridated salt. MATERIAL AND METHODS Participants were schoolchildren (n = 457) living in two rural areas of the State of Morelos, Mexico, where the water fluoride concentration was 0.70 or 1.50 ppm. Dental caries ...