We prove that every digraph of circumference l has DAG-width at most l and this is best possible. As a consequence of our result we deduce that the k-linkage problem is polynomially solvable for every fixed k in the class of digraphs with bounded circumference. This answers a question posed in [2]. We also prove that the weak k-linkage problem (where we ask for arc-disjoint paths) is polynomial...

background:the aim of this study is to investigate the association ofcalcium and magnesium concentration of drinking water with cardiovascular disease (cvds) in urban and rural areas of a city in iran. methods:this case-control study was conducted in 2012 in khansar county in isfahan province, iran. we used the official data of the provincial health center regarding the chemical analysis data o...

We study a simplistic model of instationary gas flows consisting of a sequence of k stationary gas flows. We present efficiently solvable cases and NP-hardness results, establishing complexity gaps between stationary and instationary gas flows (already for k = 2) as well as between instationary gas s-t-flows and instationary gas b-flows.

This article attempts to show how marital issues are treated in the jurisprudence of Constitutional Tribunal Republic Poland. The issue marriage accounts for only a small proportion all family taken up by adjudication. author points out need caution, reliability, and thorough analyses justifications, also highlights care shows stability provisions regulating life, which corresponds delicacy rel...

1 When fair value cannot be measured by reference to matters that are directly observable, and if the measure represents little more than the measurer's state of mind, neither the measurement nor the measurement method are verifiable. In those circumstances, the independent auditor has a scope limitation and should not express an unqualified opinion on the financial statements that are material...

statement of problem: there are controversial reports regarding physical and mechanical properties of resin composites and glass ionomer cements. some revealed higher strength and hardness for resin composites while others showed a comparable value for glass ionomer cements. evaluation of mechanical properties of different types of resin composites in comparison with resin modified glass ionome...