We present the Hierarchical Latent Dirichlet Allocation (hLDA) for organizing a collection of scene images into a hierarchy in unsupervised fashion. The bag of visual words model with spatial pyramids is adpated to the hLDA where the spatial generality is used as a prior of assignments of topics to visual words. Both depth and width of the tree are unbounded and inferred by training data using ...

To enable a viewer to understand the original plot by just watching a condensed video, a successful video summarization system should yield a summary that preserves both content highlights and information coverage. Content highlights include a set of diverse concept patterns, each of which corresponds to semantically similar video shots and video scenes, each of which represents a sequence of h...

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes disproportionately affects Aboriginal peoples in Canada. Ample evidence shows that regular physical activity (PA) plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes. Evidence is beginning to emerge linking PA to the physical environment but little is known about the relationship between remote rural environments and PA involvement in Aboriginal...

The spiking neural networks (SNNs) are the third generation of neural networks and perform remarkably well in cognitive tasks such as pattern recognition. The spike emitting and information processing mechanisms found in biological cognitive systems motivate the application of the hierarchical structure and temporal encoding mechanism in spiking neural networks, which have exhibited strong comp...

Th is paper reviews evidence from both industrialized and developing countries on the relationship between labour market fl exibility and employment. It is argued that the notion of fl exibility and its impact is often oversimplifi ed. Th e evidence, such as it is, does not provide much support for the view that greater fl exibility results in higher employment. Th ere is more evidence for an i...

More than 1 billion people today are between 15 and 25 years of age and nearly 40 per cent of the world’s population is below the age of 20. However, eighty-five per cent of young people live in developing countries where a vast majority of them are struggling to learn and work in a context of extreme poverty. According to World Bank figures, approximately 1.2 billion people struggle for surviv...

JianGang Wang,* YaLi Wang,* FangLi Guo, ZhiBo Feng, XiangFang Wang, and ChengBiao Lu Henan Province Key Laboratory of Brain Research, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, Peoples Republic of China; Department of Pathophysiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, Peoples Republic of China; Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Hena...