As the deployment of distributed generation continues, an increasing number of DC/AC power inverters will be interfaced into the electric grid. Groupings of these power inverters, along with distributed storage and load, are referred to as microgrids. Microgrids offer the potential for unprecedented reliability and flexibility, but also pose new control challenges. Inverters in microgrids must ...

The control of the input voltage of DC-DC converters is frequently required in photovoltaic applications. In this special situation, unlike conventional converters, the output voltage is constant and the input voltage is controlled. This paper deals with the analysis and the control of the buck converter with constant output voltage and variable input.

This paper presents an approach for teaching and learning dc-dc converter design using MathCAD. MathCAD provides advantages that greatly improve teaching and learning process especially when long and complicated design equations are involved such as those found in dc-dc converters. A design example using Excel is presented and then compared with the same example using MathCAD. Experience learne...

Step-up dc-dc converters have to cope with extremely low input voltages when used in combination with energy harvesting sources like thermogenerators, inductive generators or solar cells. The presented dc-dc converter is characterized by a high efficiency, up to 70 % in the input voltage range between 200 mV and 500 mV, and a minimum start-up voltage of 70 mV. It can deliver an output power of ...

BACKGROUND Sepsis is a multifactorial pathology with high susceptibility to secondary infections. Innate and adaptive immunity are affected in sepsis, including monocyte deactivation. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS To better understand the effects of alterations in monocytes on the regulation of immune responses during sepsis, we analyzed their differentiation in dendritic cell (DC). Cells fr...

Aberrant dendritic cell (DC) development and function may contribute to autoimmune disease susceptibility. To address this hypothesis at the level of myeloid lineage-derived DC we compared the development of DC from bone marrow progenitors in vitro and DC populations in vivo in autoimmune diabetes-prone nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice, recombinant congenic nonobese diabetes-resistant (NOR) mice, a...

The DC and AC magnetic susceptibilities of an opal matrix-based nanocomposite with pyrochlore-structured ytterbium titanate particles up to 60 nm in size have been studied the range fields 30 kOe. measurements were performed at temperatures from 2 200 K. temperature dependence Yb2Ti2O7 has found deviate significantly Curie–Weiss law. From frequency susceptibility measured 10 Hz kHz, spin relaxa...