In accordance with Law on Environment, Solid Waste Management Regulation, Metropolitan Municipalities Law and Municipal Law; Metropolitan municipalities and municipalities out of adjacent zones and the highest civilian authority out of these zones are responsible for ensuring the disposal of domestic and domestic-type industrial solid waste while avoiding environmental damage, ensuring the maxi...

Based on digital images of a tested sample, taken at different stages of loading, displacement fields are measured by using digital image correlation. The technique used here directly provides continuous displacement fields decomposed onto finite elements. From the latter, the equilibrium gap method allows one to estimate a scalar damage field over the same region of interest. Last, under the a...

This paper shows that preliminary injunctions may be sought in patent cases to obtain market power during the period of the injunction and are likely to be sought only where there is a small probability that the patent will be ultimately found valid. Both patentee and alleged infringer benefit from a preliminary injunction. This is an artifact of the asymmetry of current damage rules. Altering ...

The goal of tort law and medical malpractice lawsuits is to restore the situation to its previous state. Namely, the compensation awarded to the victim aspires to return him to the situation before the damage was caused. However, this is not simple, since it is very difficult to measure mental damage or suffering experienced by the victim and to quantify it as financial payment. In tort lawsuit...

A continuum damage mechanics (CDM) meso-model was derived for both intraply and interply progressive failure behaviors of a 2D woven-fabric composite laminate under a transversely low velocity impact. An in-plane anisotropic damage constitutive model of a 2D woven composite ply was derived based on CDM within a thermodynamic framework, an elastic constitutive model with damage for the fibre dir...

Given the difficulties of making an adequate compensation for environmental damage caused by oil spills, this article presents treatment Law Torts and summarizes American experience in case spills through punitive damages. Likewise, Economic Analysis Law, evaluation efficiency damages terms due to is presented compared administrative sanctions damage.

in this article economic loss means those losses occurring independently of physical damage to things or to a person's body or health. there are two main positions about reparability of these losses: in some countries like french, belgium, spain, italy and luxembourg as a principle rule economic loss is recoverable and there is no difference between economic loss and other losses. but in s...

In order to study the damage efficiency of the fragment for the target, puts forward to adopt Poisson probability distribution function analysis fragment group distribution rule; According to the target features and Poisson probability, using the target center to establish damage vulnerable area of the mathematical model; Through the flinders damage each tank section full probability and mutual...