Clinical disease associated with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infection in naïve pigs is well chronicled; however, information on endemic PEDV infection is limited. To characterize chronic PEDV infection, the duration of infectious virus shedding and development of protective immunity was determined. On Day 0 (D0), a growing pig was challenged with PEDV and 13 contacts were commingled...

Primary rate and equilibrium parameters for 60 site-directed mutants of bovine pancreatic phospholipase A2 (PLA2) are analyzed so incremental contributions of the substitution of specific residues can be evaluated. The magnitude of the change is evaluated so a functional role in the context of the N- and C-domains of PLA2 can be assigned, and their relationship to the catalytic residues and to ...

The native core light-harvesting complex (LH1) from the thermophilic purple phototrophic bacterium Thermochromatium tepidum requires Ca2+ for its thermal stability and characteristic absorption maximum at 915 nm. To explore the role of specific amino acid residues of the LH1 polypeptides in Ca-binding behavior, we constructed a genetic system for heterologously expressing the Tch. tepidum LH1 c...

Inflammation can be defined as the reaction of a living vascularized tissue to a localized damage, and plays a role in both normal repair reactions and in the pathogenesis of disease. Inflammatory phenomena are at the basis of a number of disease processes in virtually any systemic or organ-specific disease, ranging from classical rheumatic diseases to bronchial airway hyper-responsiveness, inf...

Phys. 26, 660 (1977). 20. C. D. Je ries, History of the Development of Polarized Targets in Proc. Ninth Int. High-Energy Spin Physics Symposium, Bonn, FRG, K. H. Alto and W. Meyer, eds. (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1990); W. Meyer, Present Status of Polarized Solid Targets, Proc. Eleventh Int. High Energy Spin Physics Symposium, Bloomington, Indiana , K. Heller and S. Smith, eds. (AIP Press, New Y...

We evaluated the effect of feeding dietary tannins from Lysiloma latisiliquum fresh forage on the saliva tannin-binding capacity of hair sheep lambs without previous exposure to tannin-rich (TR) fodder. Twenty-four hair sheep lambs (13.6±3.04 kg LW) were fed a tannin-free diet at the beginning of the experimental period (from day 10 to 13). On day 14, lambs were distributed into three groups (n...

In a previous paper [Lindley et al. (1993), Acta Cryst. D49, 292-304], the X-ray structure analysis of the 18 kDa fragment of duck ovotransferrin, corresponding to the NII domain of the intact protein, was reported at a resolution of 2.3 A. In this structure, the Fe(III) cation binds to two tyrosine residues and the synergistic carbonate anion in an identical manner to that found in the intact ...

Calcium formate (CaFo; Rovelan–Lanxess Corporation, Germany) is a commonly used source of calcium in poultry and swine feed in the EU. Due to increased cost, US interest in alternate feedstuffs has grown. The objective of this study was to evaluate CaFo in broiler diets as an alternate calcium source during a 49d pen trial. A total of 2,160 male Cobb 500 broilers were randomized and placed in 4...

Despite the abundance of theoretical and empirical studies on corruption, identifying successful anti-corruption strategies remains a challenge. This paper tests the effectiveness of an anti-corruption policy that is often discussed among practitioners: an increase in competition among offi cials providing the same good or service. In particular, we investigate whether overlapping jurisdictions...

Since 2008 to 2013, years known as the Great Recession, gold has been one of assets whose evolution aroused more interest on economic agents. Its theoretical and historic analysis from its origin, most important facts that have affected price since 1972, market situation in 2013 factors determinant during Recession are main reasons this article which, under Austrian School point view, guide us ...